Mumsika wothira udzu m'minda ya mpunga ku China, quinclorac, bispyribac-sodium, cyhalofop-butyl, penoxsulam, metamifop, ndi zina zonse zatsogolera.Komabe, chifukwa cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali ndi mochuluka kwa mankhwalawa, vuto la kukana mankhwala kwakhala likukulirakulira, ndipo kutayika kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kamene kamakhala kofala kwambiri.Msika umafuna njira zina zatsopano.

Chaka chino, chifukwa cha zinthu zoipa monga kutentha kwambiri ndi chilala, kusasindikiza bwino, kukana kwakukulu, maonekedwe a udzu wovuta, ndi udzu wakale kwambiri, triadimefon inaonekera, inapirira mayesero aakulu a msika, ndipo inapeza kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa msika. kugawana.

Pamsika wapadziko lonse wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu 2020, mankhwala ophera tizilombo adzakhala pafupifupi 10%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale msika wachisanu waukulu kwambiri wamankhwala ophera tizilombo pambuyo pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, soya, chimanga ndi chimanga.Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwa malonda a mankhwala ophera udzu m'minda ya mpunga kunali madola 2.479 biliyoni aku US, zomwe zili pamalo oyamba pakati pamagulu atatu akuluakulu a mankhwala ophera tizilombo mumpunga.

Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa Phillips McDougall, malonda padziko lonse a mankhwala mpunga adzafika 6.799 biliyoni madola US mu 2024, ndi pawiri pachaka kukula kwa 2.2% kuyambira 2019 mpaka 2024. Pakati pawo, malonda a herbicides m'minda mpunga adzafika 2.604 mabiliyoni aku US, ndi chiwonjezeko chapachaka cha 1.9% kuyambira 2019 mpaka 2024.

Chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, kwakukulu komanso kamodzi kokha kwa mankhwala ophera udzu, vuto la kukana kwa herbicides lakhala vuto lalikulu lomwe dziko lapansi likukumana nalo.Udzu tsopano wayamba kukana kwambiri mitundu inayi ya mankhwala (EPSPS inhibitors, ALS inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors, PS Ⅱ inhibitors), makamaka ALS inhibitor herbicides (Gulu B).Komabe, kukana kwa HPPD inhibitor herbicides (gulu la F2) kunayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chiopsezo chokana chinali chochepa, choncho kunali koyenera kuyang'ana pa chitukuko ndi kukwezedwa.

M’zaka 30 zapitazi, chiwerengero cha namsongole wosamva ululu m’minda ya mpunga padziko lonse chawonjezeka kwambiri.Pakali pano, pafupifupi mitundu 80 ya udzu wamtchire yayamba kukana mankhwala.

"Kukana mankhwala osokoneza bongo" ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, lomwe silimangokhalira kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda padziko lonse, komanso limalimbikitsa kukonzanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Njira zopewera komanso zowongolera zomwe zapangidwa pofuna kuthana ndi vuto lalikulu lakusamva mankhwala azipeza phindu lalikulu pazamalonda.

Padziko lonse lapansi, mankhwala ophera udzu omwe angopangidwa kumene m'minda ya mpunga ndi monga tetflupyrrolimet, dichloroisoxadiazon, cyclopyrinil, lancotrione sodium (HPPD inhibitor), Halauxifen, Triadimefon (HPPD inhibitor), metcamifen (safety agent), dimesulfate hydrochloride, fepriicyclopyneriol, HPPD, HPPD inhibitor. , ndi zina Mulinso mankhwala angapo a HPPD inhibitor inhibitor, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kafukufuku ndi kakulidwe kazinthu zotere zimagwira ntchito kwambiri.Tetflupyrolimet imayikidwa ngati njira yatsopano yochitira ndi HRAC (Gulu28).

Triadimefon ndi gulu lachinayi la HPPD inhibitor lomwe linayambitsidwa ndi Qingyuan Nongguan, lomwe limadutsa malire kuti mankhwala a herbicide amtunduwu angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza nthaka m'minda ya mpunga.Ndiwo mankhwala oyamba a HPPD inhibitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pochiritsa tsinde ndi masamba m'minda ya mpunga kuti athetse udzu wa gramineous padziko lonse lapansi.

Triadimefon inali ndi zochita zambiri motsutsana ndi udzu wa barnyard ndi udzu wa panyamba la mpunga;Makamaka, ili ndi mphamvu yolamulira pa udzu wosamva zambiri wa barnyard ndi mapira osamva;Ndiotetezeka ku mpunga ndipo ndi oyenera kuyikapo ndikubzala minda ya mpunga.

Panalibe kutsutsana pakati pa triadimefon ndi herbicides omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda ya mpunga, monga cyhalofop-butyl, penoxsulam ndi quinclorac;Imatha kuwononga udzu wa barnyardgrass womwe umalimbana ndi ALS inhibitors ndi ACCase inhibitors m'minda yampunga, ndi njere za euphorbia zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi ACCase inhibitors.