I-tomato blight ekuqaleni kwesifo sisifo esiqhelekileyo seetamatato, esinokuthi senzeke kumanqanaba aphakathi kunye nasekupheleni kwe-tomato seedling, ngokuqhelekileyo kwimeko yokufuma okuphezulu kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwezityalo ezibuthathaka, kunokulimaza amagqabi, iziqu kunye neziqhamo zeetumato emva kokuvela, kwaye ikhokelela kwizithole zetumato ezinzulu.

I-1, i-tomato blight yasekuqaleni ingenzeka kwinqanaba lokutshala, ngoko ke kufuneka senze umsebenzi omhle wokuthintela kwangaphambili.

I-2, xa isityalo sichatshazelwa yintlupheko, igqabi eliqhelekileyo liya kubonisa ukuphuzi, amabala amnyama, ukuqengqeleka kweqabunga kunye nezinye iimpawu, kulo mzekelo, ukuxhathisa isifo se-tomato kuncipha, iibhaktheriya zesifo sokuqala zithatha ithuba lokosulela umonakalo.

3, itumato ekuqaleni amabala isifo ekuqaleni amatshatshazi brown, ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho ihalo emthubi ejikeleze indawo, ukuhlangana kwesifo kubonakala ngokucacileyo, imilo yendawo iqhelekile.

I-4, i-tomato i-blight yasekuqaleni iqala ngokubanzi ukusuka kumagqabi asezantsi, kwaye emva koko ngokuthe ngcembe isasazeka phezulu, ngakumbi amagqabi asezantsi awanqunyulwa ngexesha (owona msebenzi ufanelekile ngokwemeko, ngokubanzi ushiye malunga namagqabi ama-2 endlebeni yesiqhamo) iploti kulula ukwenzeka, kuba kule meko kuya kubumba indawo encinci yokufuma okuvaliweyo okuphezulu, i-tomato blight ekuqaleni kunye nezinye izifo zilula kakhulu ukuba zenzeke.

I-5, i-tomato i-blight yasekuqaleni iyenzeka phakathi kunye nezigaba zamva zamagqabi ziya kuxutywa kunye namaxesha ahlukeneyo amabala esifo, la mabala aya kuphuka kwimeko yomile.

I-6, i-tomato ekuqaleni kwe-blight spots kumbindi kunye nenqanaba lokugqibela lepatheni yevili livela, ipateni yevili iya kubonakala amabala amancinci amnyama, la mabala amancinci amnyama aqala ukutshabalalisa ibhaktheriya ye-conidium, equlethe i-conidium, i-conidium inokusasazwa ngomoya, amanzi, izinambuzane kunye nezinye imidiya kwizicubu eziphilileyo ziyaqhubeka zilimaza.

I-7, emva kokuvela kwesifo se-tomato ekuqaleni, ukuba ulawulo alukho ngexesha okanye indlela yokuthintela ayichanekanga, indawo yesifo iya kwandisa kwaye idibanise ibe yinto enkulu.

I-8, idityaniswe kwiqhekeza le-blight yokuqala, i-tomato ishiya umsebenzi olahlekileyo.

I-9, Ukufa kwegqabi okubangelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwangoko kunokubonwa kulo mfanekiso.

10.Ukugalela kwetomato kwangoko kukhokelela ekutsalweni kwezithole.

Ukuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwe-blight yokuqala ye-tomato

Ukubola kwetomato kwangoko kunokulawulwa ngeendlela ezilandelayo:

1.Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwimbewu kunye nomhlabaNgaphambi kokutshintsha isityalo, intsalela yetumata kufuneka icocwe, kwaye umhlaba kufuneka ubulawe iintsholongwane.Imbewu yetumata nayo kufuneka ikhutshelwe iintsholongwane ngesuphu efudumeleyo yokufunxwa kunye nokufunxwa amayeza.

I-2, ukuphepha intsimi evaliweyo ukufuma okuphezuluSusa amagqabi amadala kwindawo engezantsi ye-tomato ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nengqiqo ukuze uqinisekise ukoma kwentsimi kunye nokudala iimeko ezingafanelekanga ukwenzeka kwesifo sokuqala.

I-3, ukuphucula ukuxhathisa kwesifo se-tomatoNgokweempawu zemfuno ye-tomato yesichumiso kunye namanzi, isongezelelo esifanelekileyo sesichumisi kunye namanzi kunokuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kwetamatato kunye nokuphucula amandla e-tomato ukuxhathisa ukutshabalalisa kwangaphambili.Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela izifo zezityalo ezifana neprotheni esebenzayo ye-chain chain spora inokuvuselela ngokufanelekileyo amajoni omzimba we-tomato, aze aphucule amandla e-tomato ukuxhathisa ukubola kwangaphambili ukusuka ngaphakathi ngaphandle.

I-4, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwee-agent zokuthintela kunye nokulawulaUkuqala kwesifo sokuqala, izibulala-zinambuzane zendalo ezininzi ezifana ne-chlorothalonil, i-mancozeb kunye namalungiselelo obhedu akhethiwe.I-Methylic acrylate fungicides efana ne-pyrimidon kunye ne-pyrimidon ingasetyenziswa.Embindini wesifo sokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukususa izicubu ezigulayo kuqala, kwaye emva koko sebenzisa i-fungicides yendabuko ye-multi-site + Pyrimidon / pyrimidon + phenacetocyclozole / pentazolol yokukhusela kunye nokulawula (amalungiselelo adibeneyo afana ne-benzotrimethuron, i-pentazole, i-fluorobacterium oximide, njl.), kunye nekhefu malunga neentsuku ezi-4 Qhubeka usebenzisa amaxesha angaphezu kwama-2, xa isifo silawulwa kulawulo oluqhelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isitshizi siyafana kwaye sicinga.