Ngakhale mbewu za parasitic nematodes ndi za ngozi za nematode, sizowononga mbewu, koma matenda a mbewu.

Matenda a nematode a zomera amatanthauza mtundu wa nematode womwe ungathe kuwononga tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ta zomera, kuchititsa kuti zomera zifowoke, ndi kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa zomera, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za matenda.Zomera za parasitic nematodes zomwe zapezeka mpaka pano zikuphatikizapo nematodes za root-knot, pine wood nematodes, soybean cyst nematodes ndi stem nematodes, forerunner nematodes etc.

Tengani mizu-knot nematode mwachitsanzo:

Root-knot nematodes ndi gulu lofunika kwambiri la nematodes za zomera zomwe zimafalitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi.M'madera otentha komanso otentha kumene kumagwa mvula yambiri komanso nyengo yochepa, kuvulaza kwa root-knot nematode kumakhala koopsa kwambiri.

Popeza matenda ambiri a nematode amapezeka pamizu ya zomera, zimakhala zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Ndipo ndizosavuta kuti mibadwomibadwo igwirizane mu greenhouses zamasamba, zomwe zimachitika kwambiri, kotero kuti ma nematode a mizu nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuwongolera.

Root-knot nematode ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya makamu, ndipo imatha kuwononga mitundu yoposa 3000 ya mbalame monga masamba, mbewu za chakudya, mbewu zamalonda, mitengo yazipatso, zomera zokongola ndi udzu.Zamasamba zikagwidwa ndi mizu ya nematode, zomera zomwe zili pamwambazi zimakhala zazifupi, nthambi ndi masamba amafota kapena achikasu, kukula kumafota, mtundu wa masamba umakhala wopepuka ngati kusowa kwa madzi, kukula kwa zomera zodwala kwambiri. zofooka, zomera ndi wilting mu chilala, ndi zomera zonse kufa zikavuta kwambiri.

Mankhwala achikhalidwe a nematicide amatha kugawidwa m'mafumigants ndi osafukiza motengera njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito.

Fumigant

Zimaphatikizapo ma halogenated hydrocarbons ndi isothiocyanates, ndipo osafukiza amaphatikizapo organic phosphorous ndi carbamate.Methyl bromide ndi chloropicrin ndi halogenated hydrocarbons, zomwe zingalepheretse mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe a mizu mfundo nematodes ndi zamchere zomwe zimachitikira mu kupuma;Carbosulfan ndi Mianlong ndi a methyl isothiocyanate fumigants, omwe amatha kulepheretsa kupuma kwa mizu ya nematodes mpaka kufa.

Mtundu wosafukiza

Pakati pa nonfumigant nematicides, thiazolphos, phoxim, phoxim ndichlorpyrifosndi organic phosphorous, carbofuran, aldicarb ndi carbofuran ndi carbamate.Non fumigant nematicides amawononga dongosolo lamanjenje la mizu mfundo za nematodes pomanga acetylcholinesterase mu synapses ya root knot nematodes.Nthawi zambiri samapha nematode ya mizu, koma imatha kupangitsa kuti nematode ya mizu itaya mwayi wopeza omwe akukhala nawo ndikuyambitsa matenda, chifukwa chake amatchedwa "nematode paralysis agents".

Pakalipano, palibe nematicides zambiri zatsopano, zomwe fluorenyl sulfone, spiroethyl ester, bifluorosulfone ndi fluconazole ndi atsogoleri.Abamectinndipo thiazolophos amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pafupipafupi.Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, Penicillium lilacinus ndi Bacillus thuringiensis HAN055 olembetsedwa ku Konuo alinso ndi mwayi wamsika wamphamvu.