Dukkansu sun ƙunshi maganin kashe kwari da ake kira pyrethrins da ake amfani da su a tsohuwar Farisa.A yau, muna amfani da su a cikin shamfu na lice.
Barka da zuwa JSTOR Daily's series detox series, inda muka yi la'akari da yadda za a iyakance fallasa ga abubuwan da masana kimiyya suka yi la'akari da rashin lafiya.Ya zuwa yanzu, mun rufe abubuwan kashe wuta a madara, robobi a cikin ruwa, robobi da sinadarai a cikin lalata dijital.A yau, mun gano asalin shamfu na lice zuwa tsohuwar Farisa.
A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, makarantu a duk fadin kasar suna yaki da mamayewar kwarkwata.A cikin 2017, a Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, an sami fiye da yara 100 suna da latse, wanda gundumar makarantar ta kira "wanda ba a taɓa gani ba."Kuma a cikin 2019, wata makaranta a sashin Sheepshead Bay na Makarantar Brooklyn ta ba da rahoton bullar cutar.Kodayake Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka gabaɗaya sun yi imanin cewa tsutsa ba ta da lahani ga lafiya, suna iya zama babbar matsala.Don kawar da tsutsa da tsutsa (kananan ƙwai), kuna buƙatar wanke gashin ku tare da shamfu mai dauke da kwari.
Abubuwan sinadaran kashe kwari a cikin shamfu masu yawa na kan-da-counter sun ƙunshi wani fili da ake kira pyrethrum ko pyrethrin.Ana samun fili a cikin furanni irin su tansy, pyrethrum da chrysanthemum (wanda aka fi sani da chrysanthemum ko chrysanthemum).Wadannan tsire-tsire a dabi'a sun ƙunshi esters daban-daban guda shida ko pyrethrins-kwayoyin halitta waɗanda suke da guba ga kwari.
An lura cewa waɗannan furanni suna da tasirin maganin kwari shekaru ɗaruruwan da suka wuce.A farkon 1800s, Persian pyrethrum chrysanthemum an yi amfani da shi don kawar da kwari.An fara noman waɗannan furannin kasuwanci ne a ƙasar Armeniya a shekara ta 1828, kuma an girma a Dalmatiya (yau Croatia) bayan shekaru goma.An samar da furannin har zuwa yakin duniya na farko.Wannan tsiron yana aiki da kyau a cikin yanayi mai dumi.A cikin shekarun 1980, an kiyasta samar da pyrethrum kusan tan 15,000 na busassun furanni a kowace shekara, wanda fiye da rabi daga Kenya ya fito, sauran kuma sun fito ne daga Tanzania, Rwanda da Ecuador.Kimanin mutane 200,000 a duk duniya suna shiga cikin samar da shi.Ana debo furanni da hannu, a bushe da rana ko da injina, sannan a niƙa su su zama foda.Kowace fure ta ƙunshi kusan 3 zuwa 4 MG na pyrethrin -1 zuwa 2% ta nauyi, kuma tana samar da kusan ton 150 zuwa 200 na maganin kashe qwari a kowace shekara.Amurka ta fara shigo da foda a cikin 1860, amma ƙoƙarin samar da kasuwancin cikin gida bai yi nasara ba.
A cikin kwanakin farko, an yi amfani da pyrethrum a matsayin foda.Duk da haka, tun daga farkon karni na 19, hada shi da kananzir, hexane ko makamancin haka don yin feshin ruwa yana da tasiri fiye da foda.Daga baya, an samar da analogs na roba daban-daban.Waɗannan su ake kira pyrethroids (pyrethroids), waxanda suke da sinadarai masu kama da pyrethroids amma sun fi guba ga kwari.A cikin 1980s, an yi amfani da pyrethroids guda hudu don kare amfanin gona-permethrin, cypermethrin, decamethrin da fenvalerate.Wadannan sabbin mahadi sun fi karfi kuma suna dadewa, saboda haka zasu iya dawwama a cikin muhalli, amfanin gona, har ma da kwai ko madara.An samar da fiye da 1,000 roba pyrethroids, amma a halin yanzu akwai kasa da goma sha biyu roba pyrethroids da ake amfani da a Amurka.Ana amfani da pyrethroids da pyrethroids a hade tare da wasu sinadarai don hana rushewar su da kuma kara yawan mutuwa.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, pyrethroids an dauke su lafiya ga mutane.Musamman, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da mahadi guda uku na pyrethroid deltamethrin, alpha-cypermethrin da permethrin don sarrafa kwari a gida.
Amma binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya gano cewa pyrethroids ba shi da haɗari.Ko da yake sun fi sau 2250 guba ga kwari fiye da kashin baya, suna iya yin illa ga mutane.Lokacin da masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Iowa suka bincika bayanan lafiyar manya 2,000 don fahimtar yadda jiki ke rushe pyrethroids, sun gano cewa waɗannan sinadarai sun ninka haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini sau uku.Binciken da aka yi a baya ya kuma gano cewa tsawaita kamuwa da cutar pyrethroids (misali a cikin mutanen da ke kunshe da su) na iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya kamar tashin hankali da gajiya.
Baya ga mutanen da ke aiki kai tsaye tare da pyrethroids, mutane kuma suna mu'amala da su musamman ta hanyar abinci, ta hanyar cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari da aka fesa, ko kuma idan an fesa gidajensu, filayen gonaki da lambuna.Duk da haka, magungunan kashe qwari na pyrethroid a yau shine na biyu mafi yawan magungunan kashe qwari a duniya.Wannan yana nufin ya kamata mutane su damu da wanke gashin kansu da shamfu mai dauke da pyrethrum?Yawan wankewa ba zai iya cutar da mutane ba, amma yana da kyau a duba abubuwan da ke cikin kwalabe na magungunan kashe qwari da ake amfani da su don fesa gidaje, lambuna da wuraren da sauro ke fama da shi.
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