Palibe kukayika kuti bizinesi ya cannabis ikukula.Anthu akhala akulima mbewu imeneyi kwa zaka zambiri, koma m’zaka zaposachedwa m’pamene anthu amaganizira kwambiri zamalonda.Zikuwoneka kuti ndi zaka zambiri zomwe takumana nazo, anthu adzadziwa momwe angakulire mbewuyi popanda vuto lililonse, koma chirichonse kuyambira kubzala zomera zochepa mpaka kupanga malonda chidzasintha chirichonse.Vuto limodzi lomwe alimi ambiri amapeza ndikuti cannabis ili ndi zovuta zambiri zowononga.Phylloxera, leaf aphid, thrips ndi bowa ndi ochepa chabe mwa omwe akukula.Vuto loyipa kwambiri ndi tizirombo.Ntchito zobzala nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti tizirombozi titaye mbewu, ndipo kuzimvetsetsa ndiko chinsinsi chothetsera vutoli.
Kunena kuti muli ndi nthata ndi mawu otakata.Pali mitundu yambiri ya nthata popanga malonda, ndipo hemp imagwidwa ndi mitundu ingapo.Ndikofunika kuzindikira nthata zanu moyenera kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zowongolera.Simungathe kulingalira;muyenera kukhala otsimikiza 100%.Ngati simukutsimikiza, mlangizi wanu wowononga tizilombo angakuthandizeni kuzindikira.
Pofuna kupewa komanso kuwongolera, alimi ambiri amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera tizilombo.Chifukwa cha nkhawa za zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa mbewu zodyedwa, malamulo adziko lonse komanso nkhani zolimbana ndi mankhwala, njira zowongolera zachilengedwe ndizoyenera kwambiri.Chofunikira ndikuyamba kupanga zinthu zabwino mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Nthata wamba mu mbewu za chamba zitha kugawidwa m'mabanja atatu: Tetranychidae (Tetranychidae), akangaude, nthata za Tar (Tarsonemidae), nthata za ulusi ndi Eriophyidae (Eriophyidae).Mndandandawu ukhoza kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi popeza pali zolemba zatsopano zokhala nawo.
Munthu akamalankhula za akangaude, nthawi zambiri amatchula akangaude awiri (Tetranychus urticae).Kumbukirani, akangaude ndi gulu lalikulu la nthata.Pali mitundu yambiri ya akangaude, koma imodzi yokha ndi mite ya mawanga awiri.Izi ndi zomwe zimapezeka mu chamba.Tetranychus urticae imapezekanso mu mbewu zina zambiri zokongola komanso zamasamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tivutike kuwongolera chifukwa timapezeka paliponse.
Azimayi akuluakulu amakhala otalika pafupifupi 0.4 mm ndipo amuna amakhala ochepa pang'ono.Kawirikawiri, amatha kudziwika ndi ukonde wozungulira pamwamba pa tsamba.Muukonde uwu, zazikazi zimayika mazira (mpaka mazana angapo), ndipo mazirawa amakhala ozungulira.
Nkhumbazi zimakula bwino m’malo otentha komanso owuma omwe amapezeka m’malo obiriwira.Zikuoneka kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chinaphulika usiku umodzi, koma nthawi zambiri akhala akumanga kumeneko popanda kuwonedwa.Zikakhala pamasamba, akangaude aŵiri ofiira amawanga amadya mwa kulowetsa kamwa zawo m’maselo a zomera ndi kudya zimene zili m’kati mwake.Ngati asamalidwa msanga, mbewuyo imatha kuchira popanda kuwononga masamba.Ngati mbewu sizimathandizidwa, masambawo amakhala achikasu ndikuwoneka mawanga a necrotic.Nsabwe zimathanso kusamukira ku maluwa ndipo zimakhala zovuta pamene zomera zawuma zikakololedwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa nthata (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) kungayambitse kukula ndi kusinthika.Mazira ndi ovoid ndipo amakutidwa ndi mawanga oyera, yomwe ndiyo njira yabwino yodziwira.
Mite yofala ndi mtundu wina wa mite womwe uli ndi mitundu yambiri ya zomera zomwe zimagwidwa ndipo zimagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi.Nthata zawo ndi zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa kangaude wa nsonga ziwiri (kuti uziwone, muyenera kuyang'ana pafupifupi ka 20).Akazi akuluakulu ndi 0.2 mm kutalika, pamene amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono.Njira yosavuta yodziwira ndi mazira awo.Mazirawo ndi ozungulira ndi masango oyera pa iwo.Amawoneka ngati ali ndi mawanga oyera pa iwo.
Zisanawonongeke, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kuti pali nthata.Umu ndi momwe alimi amapezera kuti ndi eni ake.Mite ili ndi mafuta owopsa, omwe amachititsa kuti masamba atsopano asokonezeke ndi kukhuthala.Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, masambawa sangathe kuchira ku kuwonongeka kumeneku.Maonekedwe a masamba atsopano (popanda nthata) adzakhala abwinobwino.
Nsabwezi zinabweretsa vuto kwa alimi m’chaka cha 2017. Chifukwa cha njira zosautsa bwino zopangira zinthu komanso ukhondo, zinafalikira ngati moto wolusa.Mite iyi ndi yosiyana ndi nthata ziwiri zam'mbuyomu chifukwa ndizomwe zimatengera chamba.Anthu akhala akusokonezeka nthaŵi zonse, poganiza kuti uwu ndi mtundu wofanana ndi nthata zofiira za bulauni m’mbewu za phwetekere, koma ndi mtundu wina wa nthata ( Aculops lycopersici ).
Nthata ndi zazing'ono kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kuzikulitsa kuti ziwoneke.Zing'onozing'ono, zimatha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta pazisangalalo zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi zovala ndi zida za alimi.Alimi ambiri sadziwa za ngoziyo mpaka ataiona, pamene nthata zili pamtunda kwambiri.Pamene nthata zimadya mbewu, zimatha kuyambitsa bronzing, kupindika masamba, ndipo nthawi zina matuza.Matenda oopsa akachitika, zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ephedra s nthata, Aculops cannabicola.Zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi Aculops cannabicola zimaphatikizapo m'mphepete ndi masamba a russet.M'kupita kwa nthawi, masamba adzakhala achikasu ndi kugwa.
Zomwe nthatazi zimafanana ndizoti mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wotenga matenda ndi nthata potsatira njira zaukhondo.Zimangotengera njira zingapo zosavuta, zotsika mtengo kuti muyimitse kufalikira.Chitani malo okulirapo monga momwe mungachitire ndi chipinda chachipatala.• Letsani alendo ndi ogwira ntchito: Ngati wina (kuphatikiza inu) atenga nawo gawo pamwambo wina wobzala, musalole kuti alowe m'dera lanu popanda zovala zantchito zaukhondo kapena kusintha zovala.Ngakhale zili choncho, pokhapokha ngati aima koyamba lero, ndi bwino kuti asalole aliyense kulowa. Mukatsuka mbewu yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, mukhoza kutola nthata pa zovala zanu.Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu wa zovala kupaka pa zomera zina, zikhoza kufalitsa tizirombo ndi matenda.•Zida: Mukasuntha pakati pa mbewu ndi malo obzala mbewu, yeretsani zida nthawi zonse ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.• Opaleshoni kapena kudula: Ichi ndi chiwerengero cha maopaleshoni omwe mwadzipatsira nokha matenda.Tizirombo mwachindunji kufika anayambitsa zomera zakuthupi.Podula, payenera kukhala ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito, momwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito kuti atsimikizire chiyambi choyera.Kumbukirani, simungathe kuwona vuto ndi maso amaliseche panthawiyi.Kumizidwa m'mafuta am'munda kapena sopo wothira tizirombo kungachepetse kwambiri chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa nthata zatsopano.Zodulidwazo zikakakamira, musaziike pamalo olimapo ndi mbewu zina.Pitirizani kudzipatula kuonetsetsa kuti palibe tizilombo tophonya panthawi yomiza.• Zomera za ziweto: Osayesa kugwiritsa ntchito malo okulirapo kubzala m'nyengo yozizira m'nyumba kapena zoweta zina kwa antchito.Tizilombo tambiri tambiri timalumpha mbewu zanu mosangalala.• Yambani nthawi yomweyo, musadikire: zodulidwazo zikakakamira, ziyambitseni nthawi yomweyo mu pulogalamu yolusa (Table 1).Ngakhale alimi a zomera zokongola, omwe mtengo wawo wa chomera ndi wotsika kuposa chamba, ayamba kusunga mbewu zawo zoyera kuyambira pachiyambi.Musadikire mpaka mutakumana ndi zovuta.
Mayiko ena amapereka mndandanda wovomerezeka wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga cannabis.Zambiri mwazinthuzi zimatengedwa ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotsika kwambiri.Izi zikutanthauza kuti sakhala pansi pa Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act.Zogulitsazi sizinayesedwe mozama pazinthu zolembetsedwa ndi EPA.
Nthawi zambiri, akamagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nthata, mafuta am'munda amatha kuwongolera bwino, koma kuphimba ndi kupopera ndikofunikira.Ngati nthata zaphonya, chiwerengero chawo chidzawonjezeka mofulumira.Momwemonso, mafuta ambiri akauma, zosakaniza zopindulitsa zimatha kutulutsidwa.
Kuchiza msanga ndikofunikira, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowongolera zamoyo.Pamene hemp ikukula, ma trichomes amapangidwa.Izi zikachitika, mbewuyo imamata kwambiri kuti zilombo zizitha kuyenda mozungulira mbewuyo.Pamene chidwi chitha kuyenda momasuka, chonde chitirani izi zisanachitike.
Kwa zaka 25 zapitazi, Suzanne Wainwright-Evans (wotetezedwa ndi imelo) wapereka upangiri waukadaulo wolima dimba/entomological kumakampani.Iye ndi mwini wake wa Buglady Consulting ndipo amagwira ntchito pazachilengedwe, IPM, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zachilengedwe komanso kasamalidwe kosatha.Zomera zake zimaphatikizanso zomera zokongola, hemp, hemp ndi zitsamba / masamba.Onani nkhani zonse za olemba apa.
[...] ku webusaiti ya greenhouse;Yokwezedwa ndi: Suzanne Wainwright-Evans (Suzanne Wainwright-Evans): Kunena nthata ndi mawu otakata.[…] Pali mitundu yambiri
Mukunena zowona kuti mafuta akumunda ndiwothandiza.Ngakhale simukuwona zizindikiro zowoneka za phytotoxicity, mafuta a parafini ndi mafuta ena opangidwa ndi petroleum amakonda kuchepetsa photosynthesis kwa masiku angapo.Mafuta opopera ofunikira amapha nthata za russet mwachangu, koma amakonda kuvula sera pamasamba, zomwe zimachepetsanso kukula kwa mbewu.Nyimbo ya circadian imaphatikiza mafuta a masamba ndi peppermint kuti asungire phula lachilengedwe la polyvinyl mowa pamasamba kuti alowe m'malo mwa sera yomwe ingakokoloke.Imodzi mwa sera izi ndi biostimulant, triethanol.Ngati mukufuna, nditha kukutumizirani mayeso.Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zolimbikitsa kukula zitha kuchitika mukagwiritsidwa ntchito mlungu uliwonse kuyambira ku mizu ya mizu kapena mbande zomwe zatuluka.