Ukususa ukhula, abalimi basebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela.Ngokuqonda ukomelela kunye nobuthathaka besixhobo ngasinye, abalimi banokwenza ezona zigqibo zilungileyo ngomsebenzi wabo ukuze bathintele ukhula olubi.
Esinye isixhobo esinokusetyenziswa ngamafama ukulawula ukhula kukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula.Uphando olutsha lusinceda ukuba siqonde ngcono umchiza othile wokutshabalalisa ukhula: i-r-toluene.
Ruridane yenye imichiza esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eUnited States.Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukhula kwizityalo ezifana nombona, amazimba, umoba kunye nengca.Lo mchiza ubulala ukhula ngokuthintela iphotosynthesis kwizityalo.
Njengemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula esetyenziswa kwi-dejin, inzuzo kukuba inokunciphisa imfuno yokulima.Ukongeza kokuchaphazela impilo yomhlaba, ukulima kunokwandisa ukukhukuliseka komhlaba oxabisekileyo.Ukunciphisa ukulima kuthintela ukhukuliseko kunye nokugcina isakhiwo somhlaba esinempilo, ngaloo ndlela sikhusela umhlaba wethu.
Emva kokuba imichiza isetyenziswe kwintsimi, i-atrazine ibola emhlabeni ibe kwenye i-compound ebizwa ngokuba yi-desethylatrazine (DEA).Le yinto entle kuba i-DEA ayinayo ityhefu encinci kwizinto eziphila emanzini kune-atrazine.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kwe-e-Tianjin kuye kwehla.Nangona kunjalo, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwe-atrazine kunciphile, ukuxinwa kwe-DEA ye-axiliary compound kuye kwanda.
URyberg, osebenza kwi-US Geological Survey, ufuna ukumisela ezinye izinto ngaphandle kosetyenziso oluchaphazela indlela yokuxinana kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kwimisinga.
Ukuguqulwa okuqhelekileyo kwe-atrazine kwi-DEA kungenxa yemisebenzi ye-microorganisms yomhlaba-efana nefungi kunye neebhaktheriya.Ngoko ke, i-atrazine idibanisa ngakumbi kunye ne-microorganisms yomhlaba, ngokukhawuleza izinga lokubola.
"Ngokusekelwe kuphando lwangaphambili, saxela kwangaphambili izinto ezichaphazela ukugxininiswa kwe-attrition kwimisinga," kusho uRyberg.“Ezi zibandakanya iindawo ezinamanzi, imozulu, imozulu kunye neendawo zokulima umbona kwiindlela zolawulo.”
"Kuphando lwethu, sasebenzisa idatha ekhoyo ekhoyo kwimimandla emininzi yelizwe ukusuka kwi-2002 ukuya kwi-2012," kuchaza uRyberg.Emva koko, sebenzisa imodeli ukuhlalutya idatha kunye nokuvavanya uqikelelo lweqela lezizathu zeendlela kwi-r kunye ne-DEA.
Kwiminyaka yoo-1990, imimiselo emitsha yayisombulula ingxaki yongcoliseko lwamanzi aphezu komhlaba.Le migaqo iye yanciphisa izinga lokusebenzisa umxhesho kwizityalo, yaze yavala nokusetyenziswa komxhesho kufutshane namaqula.Injongo kukunciphisa ukuxinwa okupheleleyo kwamanzi emanzini.
URyberg uthe: "Ukugxila kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa zibonisa ukuba imimiselo yangaphambili yokususa igesi, ngakumbi eMbindi-ntshona, iphumelele.""I-degassing eyongezelelekileyo iphulwe kwi-DEA ngaphambi kokuba ingene emlanjeni."
Nangona iindawo ezityalwe umbona zanda phakathi kwe-2002 kunye ne-2012, izifundo zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-atrazine kuye kwehla kwiindawo ezininzi zase-United States.
Uphando lukaRyberg luphinde lwafumanisa ukuba kwiindawo ezomileyo apho kungabikho i-tile drainage, ukuguqulwa kwe-atrazine kukhawuleza.Imibhobho yokukhupha iithayile inokufakwa ngaphantsi komhlaba kwiifama ukunceda ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokuthintela izikhukhula.Imijelo yeethayile ifana nemijelo yemvula kumasimi.
Ngenxa yokuba i-tile drains inokunceda amanzi entsimi ahambe ngokukhawuleza kwimibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba, amanzi anexesha elincinci lokuqhagamshelana nomhlaba.Ngoko ke, ii-microorganisms zomhlaba zidinga ixesha elincinci lokukhupha amanzi kwi-DEA ukuya kwimijelo ekufutshane ngaphambi kokuba amanzi achithe i-atrazine kwi-DEA.
Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuthetha ukuba inqanaba lokuya eTianjin linokujongana nemiceli mngeni emininzi kwixesha elizayo.Njengoko amafama elindele utshintsho lwemozulu kunye neemeko zentsimi emanzi, ukuze kukhule izityalo phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zomhlaba, izixhobo ezininzi zokukhupha iithayile zingadingeka.
Ukujonga kwikamva, iRyberg inethemba lokubeka esweni izibulali-zinambuzane ngokwesi siseko.URyberg wacacisa: “Ukubeka iliso okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuthotywa kunye nenkqubo yokuthutha izibulali-zinambuzane.”
Abalimi baya kuqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa nemo engqongileyo eguqukayo, kuquka nokhula.Ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kuya kutshintsha, kwaye ukubeka esweni izitshabalalisi ezitsha okanye imixube yesitshabalalisi kwindawo esingqongileyo ngumngeni oqhubekayo.
Izixhobo ezibonelelwa yi-American Academy of Agronomy.Qaphela: Ungahlela isimbo kunye nobude bomxholo.
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