Engxoxweni abe nayo noMqondisi Womkhiqizo Wezobuchwepheshe wase-Syngenta we-Herbicide US, u-Dane Bowers, engxoxweni yokuthi abathengisi nabalimi kufanele baphendule kanjani isizini ka-2021, ukhulume ngomyalezo wakhe wokuya ekhaya eminyakeni embalwa edlule: Ukulawula ukumelana akuyena umuntu kodwa kuwuphawu. inkinga yobuchwepheshe.Izinkinga zokuziphatha.
“Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ngicabanga ukuthi sinombono omuhle kakhulu.Kunezinselele—ungangiphathi kabi,” evuma, “kodwa sonke siyizidalwa ezivamile.Uma kusisebenzela, sivame ukwenza into efanayo.”
Sifuna ukucabanga ukuthi u-2021 uzoletha ukululama kuzo zonke izici, kodwa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuqonda ingqikithi yokulawulwa kokhula.Wabona kuphela ukhula oluthile lubaleka, kodwa aluningi kakhulu?Bowles wasikisela: “Leso kufanele kube i-canary emayini yamalahle.”“Noma nini uma ubona izehlakalo zokuphunyuka ezimbalwa endle, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ngabe kade ngisebenzisa lolu hlelo, nokuthi angizifakanga yini ezinye izindawo zokwenza okuthile ohlelweni lwami lokubulala ukhula.Yiziphi ezinye izinyathelo okufanele ngizithathe ukugwema lesi simo?Imvamisa, onyakeni wokuqala wokumelana, awucabangi ngempela ukuthi unenkinga, kwathi ngonyaka wokuqala Kwaba kubi kakhulu eminyakeni emibili.Ngonyaka wesithathu, kwase kuyinhlekelele.Bekuyisinyathelo esingaphambili ngempela.”
Ohlwini lwezincomo zika-Bowers zesizini ezayo, futhi zagunyazwa inqwaba yezazi zezolimo namahlathi, yilezi: 1) ukuqonda izinselele ezikhethekile zanoma iliphi ipulazi elinikeziwe, kanye nezibulala-khula zabashayeli, kanye 2) nokuqonda isidingo sokuqala ukuhlanza nokuligcina lihlanzekile.Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa ama-herbicides aqinile ayinsalela ngaphambi kokuvela, bese usebenzisa izinsalela zokubulala ukhula ezidlulele ezinsukwini eziyi-14 kuya kwezingu-21 kamuva.Imithi yokubulala ukhula kufanele ihlanganise izindawo eziningi ezisebenzayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokhula olumelana nezimbewu.
“Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu imvamisa kuba nzima kakhulu.Empeleni besilokhu sibambelele kulolu hlelo ngoba amanani kanye nezimo zemvelo zizosivimba ekutheni sithathe isinqumo esifanele,” kusho uDrake Copeland, oyiMenenja ye-FMC Technical Services e-Ohio, eMichigan.
UWolfe uthe: “Ngicabanga ukuthi uma ucubungula imithi yokubulala ukhula, uhlelo oluhle lwensalela olunezindlela eziningi zokwenza kufanele kube ngenye yezinto ozikhethayo kuqala.”“Uma ushayela ngasentshonalanga ngo-Agasti nasekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, Isimo osibonayo silula ngempela.Izinsalela zalaba bantu zehlile, futhi kunezinsalela ezengeziwe kule sizini.Amasimu abo abukeka emuhle kakhulu futhi cishe awekho ukunqwabelana kwamanzi.Abantu abeqa izinsalela, iMinnesota, Iowa kanye neDakota kumele ngabe babone insangu eningi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla.
U-Bowers ugcizelele ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa imithi yokubulala ukhula ngaphambi kokuhluma emikhiqizweni ye-dicamba, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuthi uDkt. Larry Steckel waseNyuvesi yaseTennessee (L) waqala wahlonza i-Palmer ngokumelene ne-dicamba.
USteckel ubhale kubhulogi yakhe ye-UT ukuthi njengoba ebheke ngabomvu ku-2021, manje sekudingekile ukuthi kufakwe ngaphambili izinsalela ezisebenza kuPalmer.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkululeko kufanele isetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-dicamba ukuqeda ukuphunyuka.
USteckel uveze ukuthi lena yindlela yesihlanu yokubulala ukhula uPalmer ekhiqize eTennessee kusukela ngo-1994. ukusebenzisa.”
Kuphothifoliyo yomkhiqizo we-Syngenta, ubuchwepheshe bayo be-Tavium Plus VaporGrip i-dicamba premix iqukethe i-S-alachlor, ehlinzeka ngamaviki amathathu omsebenzi wensalela kune-dicamba iyodwa.Le nkampani ithi uma imithi yokubulala ukhula yangemva kokuhluma isetshenziswa emithini yokubulala ukhula ngaphambi kokuvela (njenge-Boundary 6.5 EC, BroadAxe XC noma imithi yokubulala ukhula eyi-Prefix), “ihlinzeka ngethuba elingcono kakhulu lokuphasisa umuthi wokubulala ukhula wangemva kokuvela kubhontshisi wesoya ngesikhathi esisodwa”.
“Lona umkhiqizo onamandla kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unaziphi izici, ungakwazi ukulawula ukhula ngaphambi kukabhontshisi wesoya, futhi unikeza izinga elithile lokuguquguquka ngoba asiwafaki wonke amaqanda ephaketheni eliyinsalela.Ungabuya ngokushesha uzosebenzisa iqembu le-15 lama-herbicides, futhi liqukethe inani eligcwele le-xylazine. "UDkt. Daniel Beran, Umqondisi Wezinsizakalo Zezobuchwepheshe e-Nufarm US, utshele i-CropLife®.
“Singakwazi ukuqeda ukungaqiniseki okuthile futhi sisungule inqubo yokukhathala nensalela ngokuguquguquka okuhle.Uma izici zishintsha noma amathuluzi okufaka esitshalweni ekhawulelwe noma izinguquko zesikhathi sohlelo lokusebenza, kufanele kube khona okuhle Uhlelo olusele lokubulala ukhula luzonciphisa kakhulu ubunzima balolu shintsho.”Uveze ukuthi manje ku-Nufarm, kuyathakazelisa ukuba yingxenye yesithathu emkhakheni we-dicamba kanye nobuchwepheshe be-2,4-D.I-Moment-it yenza abamele inkampani bakwazi ukusiza abathengisi ukuthi baphinde bafunde izinto eziyisisekelo.
Omunye umkhiqizo omusha wokushiswa kwangaphambi kwesitshalo yi-Reviton eyethulwe ngabakwaHelm Agro e-United States.I-PPO inhibitor yokubulala ukhula enesithako esisha esisebenzayo i-Tergeo sombila wasensimini, ukotini, ubhontshisi wesoya nokolweni.Ezivivinyweni ezingaphezu kuka-700 zokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo waseNyakatho Melika kanye nezifundo zokulawula, i-Reviton ifakazele ukuthi "ngaphezu kuka-50 amaqabunga abanzi notshani (okuhlanganisa ne-ALS, i-triazine nezinhlobo ezimelana ne-glyphosate) athembisa kakhulu ekulawuleni ukutubeka Kwezinga Lokusebenza."
Ngokwehla kwamanani ezimpahla, i-Copeland ibone izitshalo ezinhle (izitshalo ezikhulayo) nezimo ezimbi (ukusetshenziswa kwe-herbicide okuncishisiwe).
Uthe: “Izinsalela ze-herbicide ekusetshenzisweni kamuva ziwukhiye wokugcina ukulawulwa kokhula okusele okudingekayo ukuze isitshalo sivalwe ku-canopy,” wengeza, “Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibulala-khula ezisele zizoshaywa indiva kunoma yisiphi isicelo.Ukwengeza ukubuyiselwa kwembewu ebhange lembewu yenhlabathi kuzogcina kuvumele ukuthi kusetshenziswe imali eyengeziwe ekuphumeleleni okwengeziwe ensimini ukuze kukhucululwe ukungcola.”
UCopeland ucele iNyuvesi yasePurdue ukuthi yenze ucwaningo, oluthole ukuthi ukunqwabelana kwensalela iyona ndlela yokunciphisa ukuphathwa kwebhange lembewu lonyaka wokuqala.Ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokusatshalaliswa kwemihlaba eyinsalela eyinsalela enezindawo eziningi zokusebenza kuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kokuminyana kwe-hemp yamanzi adliwayo ebhange lembewu.Ngokuphambene, inqubo yesikhathi eside eyinsalela yangemva kokuvela yasebenzisa izinsalela ezisele ezigqagqene ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi Nge-34% (bona umfanekiso ngezansi).
Uthe: “Imininingwane efana nalena ingasiza abathengisi bethu nezazi zezolimo namahlathi ukuthi bakhulume nabalimi.”“Bangathi, ‘Ngiyazi ukuthi izikhathi zinzima, kodwa uma sifuna ukuzuza ikusasa elisimeme epulazini lakho, asikho isidingo sokusika okuthile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusefemini noma phezulu, singanciphisa insalela. i-herbicide.'”
Njengoba uDkt. Bob Hartzler achaza ku-Iowa State University Integrated Pest Management Blog: “Ngenxa yokwanda ngokushesha kokhula olumelana nokubulala ukhula, izindlela zamanje zase-Iowa zokulawula ukhula zisengozini Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle kwemichiza yokubulala ukhula, kufanele kwenzeke izinto ezimbili: 1) sebenzisa ukuphathwa kokhula okudidiyelwe;2) ukuguqula umgomo wokulawula ukhula usuke ekuvikeleni izivuno uye ekwehliseni usayizi wamabhange embewu yokhula.Imfuneko yokuqala iwukushintsha indlela yokuziphatha, eyesibili idinga ukushintsha isimo sengqondo.”
Ngaphezu kokweqa okubizayo kwezinsalela zangaphambi kokuvela, i-Syngenta's Bowers iphinde yaxwayisa ngezidakamizwa “ezingelona iqiniso” ukuze wonge imali.
I-Bowers yethule ukuhlola okujwayelekile kokuqina kwesitoreji okwenziwa i-Syngenta emikhiqizweni evamile.Uma izithako ezisebenzayo zingakhiwanga ngendlela efanele, i-AI ingase ihlasele yodwa futhi yehlise isithunzi sokubulala ukhula esitholakalayo.Uma umlimi esebenzisa umkhiqizo lapho kusebenza khona u-80% kuphela we-AI, angeke ahlangabezane nezinkinga zokuxuba kuphela, kodwa angase futhi awusebenzise ngenani eliphansi kunelebula futhi umphumela wokubulala ukhula uphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe.
U-Bowers uthe isibonelo esithile ukuthi abantu bavame ukusebenzisa ifomula evamile, okuyinhlanganisela ye-AI S-metolachlor ku-Dual II Magnum kanye ne-AI mesotrione e-Callisto, i-Syngenta enganikeza ngayo Izinhlobonhlobo zama-premixes ommbila, njenge-Acuron.Ku-premix ye-mesotrione ne-S-metolachlor, “Uma i-S-metolachlor ingakhiwanga kahle, izokwehlisa isithunzi i-mesotrione etholakalayo.”
U-Bowers wengeze wathi: “Kuyisinqumo esingcono ukusebenzisa amadola ambalwa ngaphambili futhi ulungise uhlelo lokubulala ukhula ukuze unikeze imiphumela engcono yokulusha, ukuze amabhulashi ngehektare ngalinye abe ngcono.Uma izintengo zempahla ziphansi, khiqiza kakhulu Amabhushu amaningi awukhiye wakho ngempela.Ngeke songe indlela yokuchuma, ngakho-ke kufanele silondoloze ibhalansi ekusetshenzisweni kwemali ngendlela eyongayo, kodwa kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi uthola inani lemali oyitshalile kanye nembuyiselo ngamadola.”
U-Jackie Pucci ungumvikeli omkhulu we-CropLife, PrecisionAg Professional kanye nomagazini be-AgriBusiness Global.Buka zonke izindaba zababhali lapha.