He hana koʻikoʻi ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea ʻino ma lalo o ka lepo.I loko o nā makahiki, ʻo ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā pesticides organophosphorus e like me ka phoxim a me ka phorate ʻaʻole i hoʻopuka wale i ke kūʻē koʻikoʻi i nā pests, akā ua hoʻohaumia pū kekahi i ka wai lepo, lepo a me nā huahana mahiʻai.He mea ino loa ia i na kanaka a me na manu.I kēia lā, makemake wau e paipai i kahi ʻano insecticide hou, kahi mea ikaika loa e kūʻē i nā pests lalo.

ʻO kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he clothianidin.ʻO Clothianidin kahi neonicotinoid high-efficiency, broad-spectrum insecticide i hoʻomohala pū ʻia e Bayer o Kelemānia a me Takeda o Iapana.Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hopena lōʻihi, ʻaʻohe phytotoxicity i nā mea kanu, palekana i ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻohe cross-resistance me nā pesticides maʻamau.Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea ʻino like ʻole ma luna a ma lalo o ka lepo.

Hiʻona nui

(1) Broad insecticidal spectrum: Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Clothianidin e hoʻomalu i nā mea ʻino ma lalo o ka honua e like me nā grubs, nā ʻōpala nila gula, nā ʻaʻa aʻa, nā leek maggots, etc., a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i nā thrips, aphids, planthoppers, whiteflies, leafhoppers, etc. ʻO nā pests lepo me kahi ākea o nā insecticides.

(2) Systemicity maikaʻi: ʻO Clothianidin, e like me nā insecticides nicotinic ʻē aʻe, loaʻa pū kekahi systemicity maikaʻi.Hiki ke hoʻomoʻa ʻia e nā aʻa, nā ʻōpala a me nā lau o nā mea kanu a laila lawe ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole o ka mea kanu e pepehi i nā ʻāpana āpau.ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻino.

(3) Ka wā lōʻihi: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Clothianidin no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hua a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo, hiki ke noho a puni nā mea kanu no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ma hope o ka ʻai ʻia ʻana e nā mea kanu, hiki iā ia ke pepehi i nā pests no ka manawa lōʻihi, a hiki i ka wā mau loa ke hiki i nā mea hou aku. ma mua o 80 mau lā.

(3) ʻAʻohe kūʻē kūʻē: ʻO Clothianidin no ke kolu o ka hanauna neonicotinoid insecticides, a ʻaʻohe kūʻē kūʻē me imidacloprid, acetamiprid, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.hoʻopuka.

(4) Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi: hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka clothianidin me ka nui o nā insecticides a me nā fungicides e like me beta-cyhalothrin, pymetrozine, bifenthrin, pyridaben, fludioxonil, abamectin, etc. Compounding, ʻike maopopo loa ka hopena synergistic.

(5) Nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana: Loaʻa iā Clothianidin ka pepehi kanaka a me ka hopena o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a i ka manawa like he mau ʻōnaehana maikaʻi.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo, ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hua, ka foliar spray, ka irrigation aʻa a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hopena hoʻomalu maikaʻi loa.

Nā mea kanu kūpono:

ʻO Clothianidin ka palekana o nā mea kanu a hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka palaoa, ka palaoa, ka laiki, ka pulupulu, gree