Benjamin Phillips, Hoʻonui i ke Kulanui o Michigan State;a me Mary Mary Hausbeck, Keʻena o nā mea kanu, lepo a me ka ʻepekema Microbiology, MSU-Mei 1, 2019
ʻO Chlorothalonil (Bravo / Echo / Equus) he FRAC M5 fungicide, ʻike ʻia no ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he huahana kū hoʻokahi a i ʻole he hoa hui tank, a hiki ke pale i nā pathogens mea kanu.ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā fungicides chlorothalonil i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka palaka lau ʻōmato ryegrass a me ka pala o ka hua, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo hope o ka pala, ʻo ka ʻōmato anthracnose pala pala hua, cercospora a/a i ʻole ka lau ʻeleʻele a me ka celery petiole blight , Alternaria alternata a ʻoki ʻia nā lau cercospora a me nā kāloti petiole, poni. nā kiko ma ka asparagus keʻokeʻo, nā kiko poni ma nā aniani, ke kāleka a me ka leeks, a me Alternaria alternata ma nā kukama, nā ʻukena, nā ʻukena a me nā melons.Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona maʻi, lawelawe pū ʻo chlorothalonil ma ke ʻano he hoa hui tank koʻikoʻi a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he fungicide e kūʻē i ka palu.Ma muli o kāna mau ʻano hana he nui, hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka huahana a me ka sequentially.
I ka wā pōkole, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā fungicide ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke koho ʻia nā fungicide ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu.Manaʻo ka Michigan State University Extension Department e hoʻolohe ʻoe i ka code FRAC i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai e hoʻohana i kahi fungicide ākea ākea.
Loaʻa ʻo Mancozeb e like me Manzate a i ʻole Dithane.ʻO ia kahi fungicide FRAC M3 ākea ākea me nā hopena like me ka chlorothalonil.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā hakahaka he nui e pilikia ai ma muli o ka nele o ka chlorothalonil.ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka lepili mancozeb kekahi mau ʻike hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana, e like me Brussels sprouts, carrots, broccoli, celery and leeks.Pēlā nō, he 5 mau lā ka lōʻihi o ka wā o ka ʻohi mua ʻana no ka mango, a he mea paʻakikī paha ka hoʻohana ʻana no ka ulu wikiwiki a me ka nui o nā mea kanu e like me ke kukumba, ka ʻōpala kauwela a me ka ʻōpala kauwela.Ma muli o kāna mau ʻano hana he nui, hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka huahana, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau formulations no ka asparagus ʻehā manawa i ka nui a me nā hua waina no ʻewalu mau noi i ka nui.
ʻO Switch kahi fungicide ʻōnaehana topical ākea ākea i hui pū ʻia me fludemonil (FRAC 9) a me ciprodinil (FRAC 12).He mea ikaika ia i ka Alternaria leaf blight i loko o kāloti, Alternaria lau spots in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage and cauliflower, crater rot in celery, a me nā kiko poni i nā aniani.Loaʻa iā ia ka manawa mua o ka ʻohi ʻana e like me ka chlorothalonil.I ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, kāloti, celery a me nā aniani, hiki i ka chlorothalonil ke pani i ka chlorothalonil.Ua kaupalena ʻia kona lepili i nā lau lau a me nā lau ʻaʻa.Ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Switch ʻelua, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻololi iā ia ma ke ʻano he fungicide e hōʻike ana i kahi code FRAC ʻē aʻe, a laila e hoʻohana hou.
ʻO Scala kahi fungicide ʻōnaehana ākea ākea i hana ʻia mai azoxystrobin (FRAC 9).Loaʻa iā ia nā lepili no ka hoʻokamakama, nā kumu waina, a me ka asparagus.Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i nā kiko poni i ke kālika, nā leeks a me nā aniani.Loaʻa iā ia ka wā ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana e like me ka chlorothalonil.
ʻO Tanos kahi ākea ākea, ʻōnaehana kūloko a me ka bactericide pili, kahi hui o famoxalone (FRAC 11) a me cyclophenoxy oxime (FRAC 27).He kōkua nui ia i ka hoʻomalu ʻana iā Alternaria alternata a ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pahu pahu me nā fungicides downy mildew.ʻAʻohe lepili no ka asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kāpeti, kāloti, broccoli a i ʻole celery.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā kumu waina a pau, nā ʻōmato, nā pepa, nā aniani, ke kāleka a me nā leeks.I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka manawa ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma mua o nā huahana Mancozeb, akā no nā hua waina, nā ʻōmato a me nā pepa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka ʻohi ʻana i ʻekolu mau lā ma mua o nā huahana chlorothalonil.Inā hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huahana ma FRAC 11 i nā anti-pathogens.I ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Tanos i kahi polokalamu hoʻoheheʻe, e hoʻololi mau iā ia i kahi code FRAC ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka Pristine kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ākea, ʻōnaehana kūloko a me ka bactericide cross-layer, i hana ʻia e ka hui ʻana i nā bactericides FRAC (FRAC 11) a me Carboxamide (FRAC 7).I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i kapa ʻia ka asparagus, canola, nā ʻōmato, nā pepa a me nā ʻuala.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o Bravo no ka Alternaria leaf blight i nā kumu waina a me nā kāloti, Alternaria lau kiko i ka celery, a me nā kiko poni i ke kāleka, nā leki a me nā aniani.Ua like ka wā ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana me ka chlorothalonil.ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka noi no nā mea kanu waina he ʻehā manawa i ka makahiki, a ʻo ka palena nui loa no nā aniani, keleka, a me nā leeks he ʻeono manawa i ka makahiki.Hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo Pristine i ka celery ʻelua i ka makahiki.Ma ke kaʻina hana ʻana, e mālama mau i nā huahana FRAC 11 i kēlā me kēia manawa āu e hoʻohana ai iā Pristine.
ʻO Quadris / Heritage, Cabrio / Headline a i ʻole Flint / Gem nā ʻōnaehana topical ākea ākea FRAC 11 fungicides.Ua hōʻailona ʻia kēia mau fungicides strobilurin no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu, a ma ka hapa nui o ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana he 0 mau lā.He moʻolelo maikaʻi kēia mau huahana no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi fungal.Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka FRAC 11 cone globulin ke hana i nā pathogens kū'ē i ka lāʻau ma o ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana.I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka strobilurin a hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kū'ē ʻana, ua kaupalena nā lepili i kēia manawa i ka helu o nā hoʻokele i ʻae ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki.No ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu, ʻae ʻia ʻo Quadris / Heritage i ʻelua mau noi ʻelua, ʻo Cabrio / Headline wale nō e ʻae i hoʻokahi noi mau, a ʻo Flint / Gem wale nō e ʻae i ʻehā mau noi kiʻekiʻe.
Papa 1. Hoʻohālikelike o nā fungicides ākea ākea no nā mea kanu maʻamau i ulu ma Michigan (e nānā i ka pdf e paʻi a heluhelu paha)
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ʻO ke Kulanui Moku'āina ʻo Michigan he mea hoʻohana ʻoiaʻiʻo, kūlike ka manawa kūpono, kūpaʻa i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka maikaʻi ma o ka hana like ʻole a me ka moʻomeheu hoʻohui, a me ka paipai ʻana i nā mea āpau e hoʻokō i ko lākou hiki piha.Ua wehe ʻia nā hoʻolālā hoʻonui a me nā mea waiwai o Michigan State University i kēlā me kēia kanaka, me ka nānā ʻole i ka lāhui, ka waihoʻoluʻu, ke ʻano o ka lāhui, ke kāne, ka ʻike kāne, ka hoʻomana, ka makahiki, ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha, ke kīnā, ka manaʻo politika, ka moe kolohe, ke kūlana male, kūlana ʻohana, a hoʻomaha paha. Kūlana koa.Ma ka launa pū ʻana me ke Keʻena ʻOihana Mahiai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻopuka ʻia ma o ka hoʻolaha MSU mai Mei 8 a Iune 30, 1914. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, MSU Extension Director, East Lansing, Michigan, MI48824.No ka hoʻonaʻauao wale nō kēia ʻike.ʻO ka haʻi ʻana i nā huahana kālepa a i ʻole nā ​​​​inoa kālepa ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua kākoʻo ʻia lākou e MSU Extension a i ʻole nā ​​​​huahana makemake ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia.Mālama ʻia ka inoa 4-H a me ka hōʻailona e ka ʻAhaʻōlelo a pale ʻia e ke code 18 USC 707.