Benjamin Phillips, Michigan State University Extension;naMary Mary Hausbeck, Dhipatimendi reZvidyarwa, Ivhu uye Microbiology Sayenzi, MSU-Chivabvu 1, 2019
Chlorothalonil (Bravo / Echo / Equus) ndeye FRAC M5 fungicide, inozivikanwa nekuve nyore kushandisa sechigadzirwa chakamira chega kana semusanganiswa wetangi, uye inogona kudzivirira hutachiona hwakawanda hwemiriwo.Mimwe mienzaniso yemishonga inonzi chlorothalonil fungicides inoshandiswa kurwisa zvirwere inosanganisira tomato ryegrass leaf blight uye fruit rot, tomato late blight, tomato anthracnose ripe fruit rot, cercospora uye/kana brown leaf and celery petiole blight , Alternaria alternata nekucheka cercospora mashizha nepetiole carrots, makwapa paasparagus chena, mavara epepuru pahanyanisi, gariki nerikisi, uye Alternaria alternata pamagaka, manhanga, manhanga nemavise.Pamusoro pemienzaniso yechirwere ichi, chlorothalonil inoshandawo seyakakosha tangi musanganiswa shamwari uye inogona kushandiswa se fungicide kurwisa downy mildew.Nekuda kwemaitiro ayo akawanda ekuita, chigadzirwa chinogona kushandiswa kakawanda uye sequentially.
Munguva yekushomeka, mamwe mafungicides anogona kushandiswa, uye mamwe mafungicides anogona kusarudzwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvirimwa zvemuriwo zvakachengetedzwa.The Michigan State University Extension Department inokurudzira kuti uteerere kuFRAC kodhi kana uchinge wafunga kushandisa imwe yakakura-spectrum fungicide.
Mancozeb inowanikwa seManzate kana Dithane.Iyo yakakura-spectrum FRAC M3 fungicide ine maitiro akafanana kune chlorothalonil.Inogona kushandiswa kuzadza mapundu akawanda anogona kukonzera matambudziko nekuda kwekushomeka kwechlorothalonil.Nehurombo, iyo mancozeb label haina ruzivo rwekunyoresa zvirimwa, kusanganisira maBrussels sprouts, makarotsi, broccoli, celery uye leeks.Saizvozvowo, nguva isati yakohwewa yemango inguva yakati rebei mazuva mashanu, izvo zvinogona kunetsa kushandisa zvirimwa zvinokura nekukurumidza uye kukohwa zvakawanda semagaka, squash yezhizha uye squash yezhizha.Nekuda kwemaitiro ayo akawanda ekuita, chigadzirwa chinogona kushandiswa kakawanda uye nekutevedzana, asi mamwe magadzirirwo anogona kungo shandiswa asparagus kanokwana kana uye zvirimwa zvemuzambiringa zvekushandisa sere zvakanyanya.
Switch is a broad-spectrum topical system fungicide inosanganiswa nefludemonil (FRAC 9) uye ciprodinil (FRAC 12).Inoshanda kurwisa Alternaria mashizha blight mumakarotsi, Alternaria mashizha makwapa mu broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage necauliflower, crater rot in celery, uye makwapa epepuru muhanyanisi.Iine nguva isati yatanga kukohwa inofananidzwa neye chlorothalonil.Mukubatwa chibharo, makarotsi, celery uye hanyanisi, chlorothalonil inogona kutsiva chlorothalonil.Chiratidzo chayo chinongogumira kumiriwo yemashizha nemidzi yemidzi.Mushure mekushandisa Shandura kaviri, ndapota itenderedza sefungicide inomiririra imwe FRAC kodhi, wozoishandisa zvakare.
Scala is wide-spectrum systemic fungicide yakagadzirwa kubva ku azoxystrobin (FRAC 9).Iyo haina mavara ekubata chibharo, mizambiringa, uye asparagus.Zvisinei, inogona kutsiva mavara epepuru mugariki, leeks nehanyanisi.Iine nguva yemashure mekukohwa yakafanana neklorothalonil.
Tanos ibroad-spectrum, local systemic and contact bactericide, musanganiswa we famoxalone (FRAC 11) uye cyclophenoxy oxime (FRAC 27).Inobatsira zvikuru mukudzora Alternaria alternata uye yakashandiswa semusanganiswa wetangi nemishonga yefungicide ye downy mildew.Iko hakuna zvinyorwa zveasparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, makabheji, makarotsi, broccoli kana celery.Inogona kushandiswa kune ese mazambiringa, matomatisi, mhiripiri, hanyanisi, gariki uye leeks.Kazhinji, nguva isati yakohwewa ipfupi pane yezvigadzirwa zveMancozeb, asi pazvirimwa zvemuzambiringa, madomasi nemhiripiri, nguva yekukohwa ichiri nemazuva matatu kureba pane yezvigadzirwa zvechlorothalonil.Kana ikashandiswa kakawanda, zvigadzirwa muFRAC 11 zvine njodzi yakanyanya yekurwisa hutachiona.Paunenge uchishandisa Tanos muchirongwa chekupfapfaidza, nguva dzose uitenderedze kune imwe FRAC code.
Pristine mushonga unouraya mabhakitiriya wakafara, wemuno systemic uye muchinjika, unogadzirwa nekubatanidza mishonga inouraya mabhakitiriya FRAC (FRAC 11) neCarboxamide (FRAC 7).Parizvino, haina kunyorwa asparagus, canola, matomatisi, mhiripiri uye mbatatisi.Inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo yeBravo yeAlternaria shizha blight mumizambiringa nemakarotsi, Alternaria shizha nzvimbo mucelery, uye mavara epepuru mugariki, leeks nehanyanisi.Nguva isati yasvika kukohwa yakafanana neye chlorothalonil.Muganho wepamusoro wekushandisa zvirimwa zvemuzambiringa kanosvika kana pagore, uye muganho wepamusoro wekushandisa hanyanisi, gariki, nereki katanhatu pagore.Pristine inongobvumirwa kushandiswa mu celery kaviri pagore.Mukuita zvekupfapfaidza, gara uri kure neFRAC 11 zvigadzirwa pese paunoshandisa Pristine.
Quadris / Heritage, Cabrio / Musoro kana Flint / Gem yakafara-spektrum topical system FRAC 11 fungicides.Aya strobilurin-based fungicides akanyorwa kuti ashandiswe muzvirimwa zvakawanda zvemuriwo, uye kazhinji nguva isati yakohwewa mazuva 0.Zvigadzirwa izvi zvine nhoroondo yakanaka yekurapa zvirwere zvakawanda zvefungal.Zvakadaro, FRAC 11 cone globulin ine mukana wepamusoro wekugadzira utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga kuburikidza nekushandisa kakawanda.Kuti uchengetedze kushandiswa kwe strobilurin uye kunonoka kukura kwekupikisa, zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano zvinoderedza huwandu hwehutungamiri hunotevedzana hunobvumirwa mugore rimwe chete.Kune zvirimwa zvakawanda, Quadris / Heritage inongobvumira maviri akateedzana kunyorera, Cabrio / Musoro wemusoro unongobvumira imwechete inoenderera application, uye Flint / Gem inongobvumira ina yakanyanya maapplication.
Tafura 1. Kuenzaniswa kwemishonga yakakura-spectrum fungicides yemiriwo inowanzorimwa muMichigan (ona pdf kudhinda kana kuverenga)
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Michigan State University inomiririra, mukana wakaenzana mushandirwi, akazvipira kuwana hunyanzvi kuburikidza nevashandi vakasiyana siyana uye tsika inosanganisirwa, uye kukurudzira munhu wese kuti azadzise kugona kwavo.Zvirongwa zvekuwedzera zveMichigan State University uye zvekushandisa zvakavhurika kune wese munhu, zvisinei nedzinza, ruvara, nyika kwakabva, murume kana murume, mukadzi, chitendero, zera, kureba, huremu, kuremara, zvitendero zvezvematongerwo enyika, hunhu hwepabonde, chimiro chewanano, chimiro chemhuri, kana kuenda pamudyandigere. Chinzvimbo chehondo.Mukubatana neUnited States Department of Agriculture, yakabudiswa kuburikidza nekusimudzira kweMSU kubva May 8 kusvika June 30, 1914. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, MSU Extension Director, East Lansing, Michigan, MI48824.Ruzivo urwu nderwezvinangwa zvekudzidzisa chete.Kutaurwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekutengesa kana mazita ekutengesa hazvireve kuti anotsigirwa neMSU Extension kana kufarira zvigadzirwa zvisina kutaurwa.Iyo 4-H zita uye logo inodzivirirwa zvakanyanya neCongress uye inodzivirirwa nekodhi 18 USC 707.