Inonyanya kushandiswa kuderedza njodzi yekugara muzvirimwa zvakasvibirira, zvigadziriso zvekukura kwezvirimwa (PGRs) zvakare chishandiso chakakosha kubatsira kukura kwemidzi uye kubata kurima muzvirimwa zvezviyo.
Uye chitubu ichi, uko zvirimwa zvakawanda zviri kunetsekana mushure memwaka wechando wakanyorova, muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti varimi vachabatsirwa riini nekushandisa kwakaringana uye kwehunyanzvi kwezvigadzirwa izvi.
“Zvirimwa zvegorosi zviri kwose kwose gore rino,” anodaro Dick Neale, maneja wekambani yeHutchinsons.
"Chero zvirimwa zvakacherwa kusvika munaGunyana uye kutanga kwaGumiguru zvinogona kubatwa sezvakajairwa maererano nechirongwa chavo chePGR, vachitarisa kudzikisira pekugara."
Zvinowanzo fungwa kuti maPGR anogadzira mamwe matairi, asi izvi handizvo.Matiller akabatana nekugadzirwa kwemashizha uye izvi zvine chekuita nenguva yekupisa, sekureva kwaVaNeale.
Kana zvirimwa zvisina kucherwa kusvika muna Mbudzi, zvichinyatsobuda muna Zvita, vane nguva shoma yekupisa yekugadzira mashizha nematiller.
Kunyangwe pasina huwandu hwehutongi hwekukura huchawedzera huwandu hwematira pachirimwa, anogona kushandiswa pamwe chete neiyo nitrogen yekutanga senzira yekuchengetedza mamwe matiller kunyange pakukohwa.
Zvakare, kana zvidyarwa zviine mabuds akagadzirira kuputika, maPGR anogona kushandiswa kukurudzira kukura kwawo asi chete kana bud retiller riripo.
Nzira inonyanya kushanda yekuita izvi ndeyekuenzanisa matillers nekudzvanyirira hutongi hweapical uye kugadzira kuwedzera kukura kwemidzi, iyo maPGR anogona kushandiswa kuita kana aiswa pachine nguva (asati akura nhanho 31).
Nekudaro, maPGR mazhinji haagone kushandiswa isati yasvika nhanho yemakumi matatu, vanorayira Mr Neale, saka tarisa mvumo pane iyo label.
Nebhari ita zvimwechete negorosi padanho rekukura 30, asi chenjerera kukura kusvetuka kubva kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Zvadaro pa31, maitiro epamusoro eprohexadione kana trinexapac-ethyl, asi hapana 3C kana Cycocel.
Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti bhari inogara ichibvongodza kubva kuCycocel uye inogona kukurudzira pekugara uchishandisa chlormequat.
Mr Neale vaizogara vachipedza bhari yechando padanho rekukura 39 vaine 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid-based product.
"Parizvino, bhari inongova pa50% yehurefu hwayo hwekupedzisira, saka kana paine kukura kwakawanda mumwaka wanonoka, unogona kubatwa."
Trinexapac-ethyl yakatwasuka haifanirwe kuiswa isingadariki 100ml/ha kuti iwane kubatwa zvakanaka kwevarimi, asi izvi hazvizodzore kuwedzera kwedzinde rechirimwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zvirimwa zvinoda muyero wakaomarara wenitrogen kuita kuti matiller akure, kusunda uye kudzikamisa.
Mr Neale vanokurudzira kuti iye pachake aisazoshandisa chlormequat yekutanga PGR tiller manipulation application.
Tichienda kuchikamu chechipiri chekushandiswa kwePGRs, varimi vanofanirwa kutarisa zvakanyanya pakukura mutemo wekukura kwedzinde.
“Varimi vachada kungwarira gore rino, sezvo gorosi rakanonoka kumuka rinomuka rinenge raenda,” vanoyambira VaNeale.
Pane mukana mukuru wekuti shizha rechitatu rinogona kusvika padanho rekukura 31 uye kwete 32, saka varimi vanozoda kunyatsoona shizha riri kubuda padanho rekukura 31.
Kushandisa musanganiswa padanho rekukura 31 kunoita kuti zvirimwa zvive nesimba rehunde pasina kupfupisa.
“Ndaizoshandisa prohexadione, trinexapac-ethyl, kana musanganiswa unosvika 1 litre/ha yechlormequat,” anotsanangura kudaro.
Kushandisa izvi zvikumbiro zvinoreva kuti hauna kuwedzeredza uye maPGR anotonga chirimwa sezvakarongwa kwete kupfupisa.
"Chengetedza 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid-based chigadzirwa muhomwe yekumashure zvakadaro, sezvo isu tisingazive kuti kukura kwechirimo kuchazoita sei," anodaro Mr Neale.
Kana muvhu muchiine hunyoro uye kunze kuchidziya, nemazuva ekukura kwenguva refu, zvirimwa zvinononoka zvinogona kusimuka.
Inosarudzika nguva yekupedzisira-kushandiswa kwekugadzirisa njodzi yakawedzera yekugara kwemidzi kana paine kukurumidza kunonoka kukura kwechirimwa muvhu rakanyorova.
Nekudaro, chero mamiriro ekunze echirimo anodonha, zvirimwa zvakanonoka kucherwa zvichange zvine midzi diki ndiro, anoyambira Mr Neale.
Ngozi huru gore rino ichange iri midzi uye kwete midzi yekugara, sezvo ivhu ratove mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka uye rinogona kungobvumira midzi inotsigira.
Apa ndipo pakupa hunde nesimba kuchave kwakakosha, ndosaka kungoshandisa zvinyoro-nyoro zvePGRs ndizvo zvese izvo Mr Neale vanoraira mwaka uno.
“Usamirira kuona wobva waremerwa,” anonyevera kudaro."Vatongi vekukura kwezvirimwa ndizvo chaizvo - kupfupisa uswa handicho chinangwa chikuru."
Varimi vanofanira kuongorora uye kufunga nezvekuva nekudya kwakakwana pasi pechirimwa kuti vakwanise kuzvichengeta nekuzvibata panguva imwe chete.
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) inonangana nechirimwa hormonal system uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kusimukira kwechirimwa.
Kune akati wandei emakemikari mapoka akasiyana-siyana anobata zvirimwa nenzira dzakasiyana uye varimi vanogara vachifanira kutarisa zita vasati vashandisa chigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe.