I-Lupins kungekudala iza kulinywa ngokujikeleziswa kwiindawo zase-UK, inika amafama ngezityalo ezinesivuno esikhulu sokwenyani, iingeniso ezinokuthi zibephezulu, kunye neenzuzo zokuphucula umhlaba.
Imbewu yiprotheyini ekumgangatho ophezulu enokuthi ithathe indawo yeembotyi zesoya ezivela kumazwe angaphandle ezisetyenziswa kwizabelo zemfuyo kwaye ithatha indawo ezinzileyo ye-UK.
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umlawuli we-Soya UK uDavid McNaughton watshoyo, ayisosityalo esitsha.“Ilinywe ukusukela ngo-1996, malunga ne-600-1,200 yeehektare ezilinywayo ngonyaka.
“Ngoko oku akunjalo kumntu onamacandelo amaninzi.Sele isisityalo esikhoyo kwaye sinokwandiswa ngokulula kuba siyayazi indlela yokulima.”
Ngoko kutheni izityalo zasentwasahlobo zingekasuki?UMnu McNaughton uthe kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuba indawo ihlale imile.
Eyokuqala kukutshatyalaliswa kokhula.Kuze kube kutshanje, ekubeni kwakungekho ndlela yekhemikhali esemthethweni, yabonakala iyintloko ebuhlungu.
Kodwa kule minyaka mithathu ukuya kwemine idlulileyo, imeko iye yaphucuka kunye nokwandiswa kokugunyaziswa kwemichiza emithathu yokutshabalalisa ukhula kusetyenziso lwesibini.
Ezi nirvana (Imasamo + pendimethalin), S-foot (pendimethalin) kunye Garmit (Cromazong).Kukho kwakhona ukhetho lwasemva kokuvela kwi-Lentagran (pyridine).
“Sinohlumo lwangaphambi kokuhluma kunye nengqiqo emva kokuhluma, ngoko ke isityalo sangoku sinokuthelekiswa neeertyisi.
Omnye umqobo kukunqongophala kwentengiso kunye nokungonelanga kwemfuno evela kwiikhompawundi zesondlo.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko iFrontier kunye ne-ABN ziqhuba uphononongo lokwenzeka kwi-white lupine (jonga iphaneli) njengesondlo semfuyo, imeko inokutshintsha.
UMnumzana McNaughton uthe enye yezinto eziphambili ekuthandeni i-lupine ngumgangatho wayo ophezulu.Ilupins kunye neembotyi zesoya zombini ziqulethe amino acids anesulphur equlethe isulfure, ebalulekileyo ekutyeni kwehagu kunye neenkukhu ezisebenza kakhulu kunye neenkomo zobisi ezivelisa kakhulu."Bafuna amafutha e-rocket, zombini iimbotyi zesoya kunye ne-lupins."
Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho isityalo sokuxuba, uMnumzana McNaughton uya kusebenza nabathengi ukubona indawo etyalwe kwizityalo ikhula ukuya kumashumi amawaka eehektare.
Ke liza kujongeka njani ishishini lase-UK?UMnu McNaughton ukholelwa ukuba kuxhomekeke kwindawo, kuya kuba ngumxube oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe.
Ucacisile ukuba iilupines eziluhlaza, ezimhlophe kunye nezityheli ngenene zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kanye njengokuba ingqolowa, irhasi kunye nehabile ziinkozo ezahlukeneyo.
I-lupine emhlophe iqhuba kakuhle kakhulu, kunye nomxholo weprotheyini we-38-40%, umthamo we-oli we-10%, kunye nesivuno se-3-4t/ha.“Ngosuku oluhle, baya kufikelela kwi-5t/ha.”
Ngoko ke, abamhlophe lukhetho lokuqala, kodwa eLincolnshire nase Staffordshire, uncoma ukutshintsha ukuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba bavuthwa kwangoko, ngakumbi ukuba umlimi akasenayo i-diquat eyomileyo.
UMcNaughton uthe i-lupins emhlophe iyakwazi ukunyamezela kwaye ingakhula kumhlaba ongaphantsi kwe-pH 7.9, ngelixa i-blue inokukhula kwi-pH 7.3.
"Ngokusisiseko, xa iingcambu zidibana neemeko ze-alkaline, xa unqongophele isinyithi esingapheliyo, ungazikhulisi kumathambeka e-chalky."
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“Kumhlaba wodongwe, zilungile, kodwa kudongwe olungqindilili, olurhabaxa, olufanelekileyo.Bakwaphantsi koxinzelelo. ”
Wachaza ukuba isanti yaseNottinghamshire, kunye nesanti yaseBlakelands kunye neDorset zilungele izityalo.Wongeze wathi: “Uninzi lomhlaba olimekayo e-East Anglia, East Midlands naseCambridgeshire uza kusebenza kakuhle.”
Zininzi izibonelelo zabalimi.Eyokuqala kukuba iindleko zabo zokutyala ziphantsi, kwaye bafuna igalelo elincinci.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izityalo ezifana nokudlwengulwa kwe-oyile, azichatshazelwa zizinambuzane kunye nezifo.
Isifo esinye, i-anthracnose, sinokubangela ingozi enkulu ukuba ayiphathwanga.Kodwa kulula ukuchongwa ngokwemichiza kwaye kusetyenzwe ngemichiza yealkaline yokungunda.
Umnumzana McNaughton ubonise ukuba ilupine ingcono kuneembotyi ekulungiseni initrogen, 230-240kg/ha kunye ne-180kg/ha ngokulandelelanayo.“Uya kuyibona ingqolowa inesona sivuno siphezulu selupine.”
Njengeflaxseed, ilupins ilungile ekuphuculeni ubume bomhlaba kwaye ikhuphe izondlo emhlabeni kuba iingcambu zembotyi zikhupha iasidi eziphilayo.
Ngokuphathelele kwisondlo, ngokucacileyo zixabiseke ngaphezu kweembotyi, kwaye abarhwebi bezondlo ezihlanganisiweyo bathi bakholelwa ukuba i-1 kg ye-lupine ayilingani ne-1 kg yeembotyi zesoya.
Ngoko ke, uMnu McNaughton uthe ukuba ucinga ukuba ziphakathi kweembotyi kunye neembotyi zesoya, zixabisa malunga ne-275 pounds / toni, ucinga ukuba iimbotyi zesoya ziyi-350 pounds / toni, kunye neembotyi ziyi-200 pounds / toni.
Ngokwale xabiso, inzuzo iya kunyuka ngokwenene, kwaye ukuba imveliso yi-3.7t / ha, imveliso epheleleyo yi-£ 1,017 / ha.Ngoko ke, ngexabiso le-250 pounds ngehektare ekhulayo, esi sityalo sibukeka sinomtsalane.
Ngamafutshane, ilupine inamandla okuba sisityalo esixabisekileyo, iphucule ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo kunye nempilo yomhlaba, kwaye ubukhulu be-UK bufana nobo beertyisi ezixutywayo.
Kodwa imeko itshintshile.Ngenxa yokukhathazeka okukhulayo malunga neembotyi zesoya ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, ingqwalasela engakumbi ihlawulwa kwimithombo yeprotheyini ezinzileyo e-UK.
Yiyo loo nto uABN (jonga kwiphaneli) ejonga izityalo kwakhona, kwaye oku kunokuba yile nto kanye efunekayo ukwenza izityalo zisuke.
I-AB Agri inamasebe adibanisa i-agronomy kunye ne-feed mixing in Frontier Agriculture kunye ne-ABN, kwaye kungoku nje ifundela ukuba nokwenzeka kokubandakanya ilupine ekhuliswa e-UK kwizabelo zemfuyo.
Iqela lijonge imithombo emitsha yeprotheyini ezinzileyo nenokuthi isetyenziswe kwizidlo zehagu kunye neenkukhu.
Injongo yophononongo lokwenzekayo kukusebenzisa ubuchule bokuvelisa isityalo sobugcisa beFrontier ukufunda indlela yokukhulisa ilupins, emva koko ube nako ukunyusa ukuze iikhompawundi zibe nentembelo kubonelelo lweprotheyini enokubakho.
Uphononongo lwaqala ngo-2018, kwaye kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ikakhulu eKent, bekukho iihektare ezingama-240-280 zelupine emhlophe emhlabeni.Ukugrunjwa kuya kuqhutywa kwiindawo ezifanayo kwintwasahlobo ezayo.
NgokukaRobert Nightingale, ingcaphephe yezityalo nozinzo eFrontier, isivuno esimhlophe kulo nyaka uphelileyo singaphaya kweetoni ezi-4 ngehektare nganye.
Zininzi izifundo eziye zafundwa, kuquka nemfuneko yokukhetha indawo efanelekileyo.Iilupin zihlala zifaneleka ngakumbi kumhlaba ophakathi ukuya kolula kuba azikuthandi ukuxinana.
“Banochuku kwi-pH, kwaye ukuba ufunyenwe, baya kusokola.I-agronomists yethu iya kujonga ukufaneleka komlimi ngamnye ngokusekelwe kwindawo kunye nohlobo lomhlaba ngaphambi kokuba babonise olu phando. "
Izityalo zifuna ukusela xa sele zikhulile.Kodwa emva kokuna kwemvula, ziyakwazi ukunyamezela imbalela kuneeertyisi neembotyi yaye zineengcambu ezinkulu.
Ngokulawula ukhula, iFrontier ijonge ezinye iindlela zokutshabalalisa ukhula ukwandisa ugunyaziso lwayo kusetyenziso lwesibini.
Akwanelanga ukuvala umsantsa, kodwa kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaba, kusenokuba sisityalo esiluncedo.”
Ukholelwa ukuba indawo yokugqibela inokuba malunga neehektare ezingama-50,000, ezinokuba sisityalo esikufutshane nendawo yeeertyisi ezidityanisiweyo.
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