Ichi chinyorwa chinokurukura zvinogona kushandiswa kwezvinomera kukura regulators (PGR) mukugadzirwa kwecherry inotapira.Mazita anoshandiswa pakutengesa anogona kusiyana nechigadzirwa, nyika uye nyika, uye nyika/dunhu, uye kurudziro yekurongedza inogonawo kusiyana nekurongedza kushededzwa zvichienderana nemusika unotangwa.Naizvozvo, varimi vemacherry vanofanirwa kuona kuwanikwa, kuve pamutemo uye kukodzera kwechero kushandiswa kungangoita mumunda wavo wemichero.
PaWSU Cherry Chikoro cheWashington State University muna 2019, Byron Phillips weWilbur-Ellis akaita hurukuro yezvekudyara genetic zviwanikwa.Chikonzero chiri nyore kwazvo.Munzira dzakawanda, anonyanya kusimba ekukura kwechirimwa anogera lawn mowers, pruners uye chainsaws.
Chokwadi, mazhinji ebasa rangu rekutsvagisa cherry rakanangana nekuchekerera uye kudzidziswa, inova ndiyo nzira yakavimbika yekupesvedzera chimiro chekorona uye shizha-michero reshiyo kuti uwane nekuchengetedza inodiwa chimiro chemuti uye mhando yemuchero.Nekudaro, ini ndinofara kushandisa PGR sechimwe chishandiso kukwenenzvera akasiyana siyana manejimendi eminda yemichero.
Imwe yematambudziko makuru mukushandiswa kunoshanda kwePGR mukutapira cherry garden management ndeyekuti mhinduro yezvirimwa panguva yekushandiswa (kunyura / kutora) uye mushure mekushandisa (PGR chiitiko) ichasiyana zvichienderana nekusiyana, mamiriro ekukura uye mamiriro ekunze.Naizvozvo, pasuru yekurudziro haivimbike-sezvakawanda zvekukura michero, zvimwe zvidiki-diki zviedzo papurazi zvinogona kudikanwa kuti uone nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekutarisana nebindu rimwe remichero.
Iwo makuru ePGR maturusi ekuzadzisa inodiwa canopy chimiro uye kudzora kuchengetwa kwecanopy vanokurudzira kukura vakaita segibberellin (GA4 + 7) uye cytokinin (6-benzyl adenine kana 6-BA), pamwe nekukura inhibition Agents, akadai seyekutanga calcium hexadione. (P-Ca)) uye paclobutrazol (PP333).
Kunze kwepaclobutrazol, kugadzirwa kwemushonga wega wega kune chiratidzo chakanyoreswa cheCherry muUnited States, sePromaline naPerlan (6-BA plus GA4 + 7), MaxCel (6-BA) uye Apogee uye Kudos (P-Ca). ) ., Iyo inozivikanwawo seRegalis mune dzimwe nyika/matunhu.Kunyangwe paclobutrazol (Cultare) inogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nyika dzinogadzira cherry (seChina, Spain, New Zealand neAustralia), inonyoreswa chete muUnited States kune turf (Trimmit) uye greenhouses (seBonzi, Shrink, Paczol). ) Uye Piccolo) indasitiri.
Kunyanya kushandiswa kwevanokurudzira kukura ndeyekukurudzira lateral branching yemiti midiki panguva yekukura kwecanopy.Izvi zvinogona kuiswa kune zvinotungamira kana scaffolding zvikamu mupende pamabuds, kana kune imwe neimwe buds;zvisinei, kana mamiriro okunze anotonhorera akaiswa, migumisiro inogona kuva duku.
Neimwe nzira, kana mashizha akareba akanaka achionekwa uye achikura, pfapfaidzo yefoliar inogona kuiswa kune inonangwa gwara kana stent chikamu, kana gare gare inotungamirwa kune yakatambanudzwa gidhi pane iyo syllable side mapazi inoda kuumbwa.Imwe mukana wekupfapfaidza application ndeyekuti inowanzo chengetedza tembiricha yepamusoro panguva imwe chete kuti iwane zvirinani kukura chiitiko.
Prohexadione-Ca inhibisa bazi uye kupfura kureba.Zvichienderana nekusimba kwechirimwa, zvingave zvakakosha kuisa zvakare kakawanda munguva yekukura kuti uwane chikamu chinodiwa chekudzivirira kukura.Yekutanga application inogona kuitwa 1 kusvika 3 inches kubva pakuwedzera kwepfuti, uye yozoshandiswa pachiratidzo chekutanga chekukura patsva.
Nokudaro, zvingave zvichiita kubvumira kukura kutsva kusvika padanho rinodiwa, uye wozoshandisa P-Ca kumisa kuwedzera kukura, kuderedza kudiwa kwekuchekerera kwezhizha, uye kusakanganisa kukura kwemwaka unotevera.Paclobutrazol inhibitor yakasimba uye inogonawo kudzivisa kukura kwayo mumakore mashomanana anotevera, ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei isingagoni kushandiswa mumiti yemichero muUnited States.Bazi rinorambidza P-Ca rinogona kunge richinyanya kunakidza pakuvandudza nekuchengetedza masisitimu ekudzidzisa.Semuyenzaniso, UFO neKGB, ivo vanotarisa kune yakasimudzika, isina bazi mutungamiri weyakakura canopy chimiro.
Maturusi makuru ePGR ekuvandudza kunaka kwemuchero wecherry (kunyanya saizi yemuchero) inosanganisira gibberellin GA3 (yakadai seProGibb, Falgro) uye GA4 (Novagib), alachlor (CPPU, Splendor) uye brassinosteroids (homobrassinoids).Ester, HBR).Maererano nemishumo, kushandiswa kweGA4 kubva kune compact clusters kusvika petal fall, uye kubva pamaruva kusvika kune peeling uye kupatsanurana (kutanga kubva pamashanga mavara, iyo inonzi inoderedza kunzwisiswa kwekuputika kune imwe nzvimbo), CPPU inowedzera kukura kwezvibereko.
Mashanga-mavara GA3 neHBR, zvisinei kuti akaiswa kechipiri (anowanzo shandiswa pakuremerwa kwezvirimwa uye kushandiswazve), zvinogona kutungamirira kukukura kwekuwedzera, shuga uye kusimba kwegoho;HBR inowanzokura kare uye panguva imwe chete, nepo GA3 ichida kunonoka uye kukura panguva imwe chete.Kushandiswa kweGA3 kunogona kuderedza kutsvuka kutsvuku pane yero cherries (se "Rainier").
Kushandisa GA3 mavhiki maviri kusvika mana mushure mokutumbuka kunogona kuderedza kuumbwa kwemaruva emaruva mugore rinotevera, nekudaro kuchinja reshiyo yenzvimbo yemashizha kune muchero, iyo inobatsira pakukura kwezvirimwa, kuiswa kwemichero uye kunaka kwezvibereko.Pakupedzisira, rimwe basa rekuedza rakawana kushandiswa kweBA-6, GA4 + 7 mukubuda / kuwedzera kwemashizha, uye kushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwezviviri kunogona kuwedzera kuwedzera uye kukura kwekupedzisira kwematavi nemashizha, nokudaro kuwedzera chiyero che nzvimbo yemashizha kune michero uye Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ine mhedzisiro inobatsira pamhando yemuchero.
Zvishandiso zvikuru zvePGR zvinogona kukanganisa kubereka kwebindu zvinosanganisira ethylene: kugadzirwa kwe ethylene kubva ethephon (yakadai se ethephon, Motivate) uye kushandiswa kweaminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, yakadai seReTain) kurambidza ethylene yakagadzirwa nemiti yakasikwa.Kushandiswa kwe ethephon mukudonha (kutanga kwaGunyana) kwakaratidza imwe tarisiro, iyo inogona kusimudzira kutonhora kuchinjika uye kumisikidza inotevera maruva maruva nemazuva matatu kusvika mashanu, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kukuvadza kwechando chechirimo.Kunonoka kutumbuka kunogona kubatsirawo kuwiriranisa nguva yekutumbuka kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, zvikasadaro hazvizoenderane zvakanaka, zvichibva zvawedzera chiyero chemichero.
Kushandiswa kwe ethephon kusati kwakohwa kunogona kukurudzira kuibva kwezvibereko, kuveura uye kudurura, asi kazhinji inongoshandiswa pakukohwa kwemuchina wekugadzira cherries, sezvo vachigona kukurudzira kupfava kwezvibereko zvitsva zvemusika.Kushandiswa kwe ethephon kunogona kukonzera mweya wakaipa kune zviyero zvakasiyana, zvichienderana nekupisa kana kudzvinyirira kwemiti panguva yekushandiswa.Kunyangwe zvisingafadzi uye zvinonyatso shandisa zviwanikwa zvemuti, ethylene-induced mweya wakashata kazhinji haina kukanganisa kwenguva refu pahutano hwemuti.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kweAVG panguva yekutumbuka kwakawedzera kuwedzera kugona kweovule kugamuchira mukume, nekudaro kunatsiridza kurongeka kwemichero, kunyanya mumbeu dzine goho rakaderera (sa“Regina”, “Teton” ne“Benton”) .Inowanzoiswa kaviri pakutanga kwekutumbuka (10% kusvika 20% yekutumbuka) uye 50% yekutumbuka.
Greg anga ari nyanzvi yedu yecherry kubvira 2014. Ari kuita tsvakurudzo yekuvandudza nekubatanidza ruzivo pamusoro pemidzi mitsva yemidzi, mhando, yezvakatipoteredza uye inovandudza physiology, uye tekinoroji yeminda yemichero, uye anozvibatanidza mukugadzirwa kwakakwenenzverwa, kwakanaka.Ona nyaya dzese dzevanyori pano.