Kafukufuku watsopano wokhudza kuchuluka kwa nsikidzi (Cimex lectularius) adapeza kuti anthu ena sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala awiri ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Akatswiri othana ndi tizirombo ndi anzeru polimbana ndi mliri womwe ukupitilirabe wa nsikidzi chifukwa atengera njira zochepetsera kudalira kwawo mankhwala, chifukwa kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti nsikidzi zimagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Zizindikiro zoyambirira.
Pakafukufuku yemwe adasindikizidwa sabata ino mu Journal of Economic Entomology, ofufuza pa Yunivesite ya Purdue adapeza kuti mwa anthu 10 a nsikidzi omwe amasonkhanitsidwa m'munda, anthu atatu amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chlorpheniramine.Kuchepa, ndipo kukhudzika kwa anthu asanu mwa anthu ku bifenthrin kunachepanso.
Nsikidzi wamba (Cimex lectularius) yawonetsa kukana kwambiri kwa deltamethrin ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo a pyrethroid, omwe akukhulupirira kuti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chakuyambiranso ngati tizilombo ta mtawuni.Ndipotu, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2015 wa "Tizilombo Popanda Malire" omwe adachitidwa ndi National Association for Pest Management ndi University of Kentucky, 68% ya akatswiri osamalira tizilombo amakhulupirira kuti nsikidzi ndizovuta kwambiri kuziletsa.Komabe, palibe maphunziro omwe apangidwa kuti afufuze zomwe zingatheke kukana bifenthrin (komanso pyrethroids) kapena clofenazep (mankhwala ophera tizilombo a pyrrole), zomwe zinapangitsa ofufuza a University of Purdue kuti afufuze.
“M’mbuyomu, nsikidzi zasonyeza mobwerezabwereza kuti zimatha kukana mankhwala omwe amadalira kwambiri mphamvu zawo.Zomwe apeza pa kafukufukuyu zikuwonetsanso kuti nsikidzi zili ndi machitidwe ofanana pakukula kwa kukana clofenazep ndi bifenthrin.Purdue Said Dr. Ameya D. Gondhalekar, pulofesa wothandizira pa yunivesite ya Urban and Industrial Pest Management Center."Poganizira zomwe zapezedwazi, komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo, bifenthrin ndi chlorpheniramine ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa nsikidzi kuti zikhalebe zogwira mtima kwa nthawi yaitali."
Anayesa nsikidzi 10 zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri osamalira tizilombo komanso ofufuza a ku yunivesite ku Indiana, New Jersey, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia ndi Washington DC, ndipo anayeza nsikidzi zomwe zinaphedwa mkati mwa masiku 7 atakumana ndi nsikidzi.peresenti.Mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Nthawi zambiri, kutengera kusanthula komwe kumachitika, poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu opezeka m'ma labotale, kuchuluka kwa nsikidzi zomwe zili ndi moyo wopitilira 25% zimawonedwa kuti sizikhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti ochita kafukufuku anapeza mgwirizano pakati pa clofenazide ndi bifenthrin susceptibility pakati pa anthu a nsikidzi, zomwe zinali zosayembekezereka chifukwa mankhwala awiriwa amagwira ntchito mosiyana.Gondhalekar adati kafukufuku wina akufunika kuti amvetsetse chifukwa chake nsikidzi zomwe sizingatengeke pang'ono zimatha kupirira kukhudzana ndi mankhwalawa, makamaka clofenazide.Mulimonsemo, kutsata njira zophatikizira zowononga tizilombo kumachepetsa kukula kwa kukana.
"Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo akuphatikizidwa ndi njira zina zodzitetezera monga vacuuming, steaming kapena kutentha, zophimba matiresi, misampha ndi fumbi la desiccant, kuwongolera bwino kwa nsikidzi kungathe kukwaniritsidwa, ndipo mwachidziwitso, izi ziyenera kuchepetsa kukula kwa kukana mankhwala kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, "adatero Gundalka.
"Kuzindikira nsikidzi zochepetsera kukhudzidwa kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi clofenazide ndi bifenthrin m'magulu a anthu (Hemiptera: Cicada)"
Lowetsani imelo yanu kuti mulembetse ku "Entomology Today".Mudzalandira zidziwitso za zolemba zatsopano kudzera pa imelo.
Zikomo chifukwa cha nkhani yanu, koma iyi ndi nkhani yakale yamakampani othana ndi tizirombo, ndipo zinthu zambiri zapitilira kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu ziwirizi.
“Mwachiphunzitso”…………….. Ndikuganiza kuti kufunikira kongogwiritsa ntchito sikokwera muzochitika zotsatirazi: tizirombo zotere kapena tizirombo tina timene timalimbana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo timayambitsa Poizoni wambiri.Mwachidziwitso, chithandizo cha kutentha kwakukulu ndi njira yokhayo yochotsera nyumba kapena nyumba zogona, ma motelo, mahotela, ndi zina zotero.Chifukwa chiyani "kuyang'anira" zolengedwa zowopsya izi, pogwiritsa ntchito ma neurotoxins ndi mankhwala ena opatsirana omwe angakhale okhudzana ndi matenda a Parkinson, matenda a Alzheimer's, khunyu, mphumu, matenda a mtima, nseru, kusapeza bwino kwa m'mimba Zinthu zimabwera kukupha anthu m'nyumba za anthu.Kutenthetsa ndiye njira yokhayo yowaphera iwo ndi mazira awo ang'onoang'ono ndi mphutsi!!!
Kuchita bwino kwa kutentha kumakhala kothandiza pazigawo zonse, koma kutentha kulibe zotsatira zotsalira.Kuthekera kotenganso kachilomboka kumatha kubwereranso momwe idayambira.Ngakhale kukana kwake kowona ndi vuto lopitilira ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi tizirombo - ichi sichina chifukwa chake tayikanso mliriwu ku United States.Iyi ndi EPA ndi "Food Quality Protection Act" kuti athetse mankhwala ophera tizilombo ogwira mtima komanso otsika mtengo.Kwa zaka zambiri, palibe umboni wotsutsa carbamates kapena organic phosphates.Ponena za matenda onse otchedwa matenda obwera chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo, iwo ndi ongopeka.Izi zisanachitike, nthawi zonse pamakhala mawu ochenjera ndi mawu, monga "kukayikitsa, kuyanjana, kungayambitse, kafukufuku amasonyeza, angayambitse, zotsatira za nthawi yaitali sizidziwika, kufotokoza nkhawa, kufotokoza nkhawa, akatswiri akudandaula".
Chowonadi cha nkhaniyi chinali mu 1945, pamene mnyamatayo anabwerera kuchokera ku Nkhondo Yadziko II, ndipo nsikidzi zinali paliponse.Koma anagwiritsiridwa ntchito limodzi ndi DDT, ndipo pofika 1946, chitaganya choyamba m’mbiri ya anthu chinawachotsa.Yankho mu 1946 linali lothandiza, lotsika mtengo, lopezeka mosavuta, komanso losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala-mankhwala ophera tizilombo-ngati silinali yankho, ndiye sipadzakhala yankho tsopano.
Ndipo chinthu chinanso.Ngati wina akufuna kumvetsetsa bwino za mliri wa nsikidzi ku United States, chonde onani mndandanda wa "Nsikidzi Zanga".
Njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la cholakwika ndikukonza kotentha!Uwu ndiye ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wochotsa nsikidzi m'tsiku limodzi!Dongosolo lamakono lamakono lopangira makinawa limaphatikizapo zotenthetsera za RX12, zoyendetsa mpweya, zowongolera kutentha opanda zingwe ndi zowunikira zomwe zimapangidwira kuthetsa nsikidzi.Dongosololi likangokhazikitsidwa, tizisunga kutentha kwambiri pa 130 mpaka 148 ° F (Fahrenheit) ndikupha nsikidzi, nymphs ndi mphutsi mkati mwa mphindi.Nsikidzi ndi ma ectoparasites okhala ndi chigoba chakunja chomwe chimauma mwachangu ndikusweka pakutentha kwambiri.
Kodi pali mankhwala kapena pulogalamu yomwe ili ndi njira zonse zitatu zasayansi kapena njira zothetsera nsikidzi kuti zisatenthetse
Lowetsani imelo yanu kuti mulembetse ku "Entomology Today".Mudzalandira zidziwitso za zolemba zatsopano kudzera pa imelo.
Lowetsani imelo yanu kuti muchenjezedwe nkhani yatsopano ikasindikizidwa mu Entomology lero.