Zowola zofiira ndizofunikira kusunga matenda a mbatata.Zimayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Phytophthora, Phytophthora, ndipo amapezeka m'madera omwe amalima mbatata padziko lonse lapansi.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timeneti timaberekana m’nthaka yodzaza ndi madzi, choncho matendawa nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi minda yotsika kapena madera opanda madzi.Chiwopsezo cha matenda ndichokwera kwambiri pakutentha kwapakati pa 70°F ndi 85°F.
Simungazindikire zowola za pinki musanakolole kapena kusunga tuber, koma zimayambira m'munda.Matendawa nthawi zambiri amachokera kumapazi, koma amathanso kuchitika m'maso kapena m'mabala.Zowola za pinki zimatha kufalikira kuchokera ku ma tubers kupita ku ma tubers panthawi yosungira.
Monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ochedwa choipitsa (Phytophthora infestans) ndi kutayikira (Pythium lethal), tizilombo tomwe timawola ndi pinki ndi oomycete ngati bowa, osati bowa "weniweni".
N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kusamala?Chifukwa kuwongolera mankhwala kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri sikumagwira ntchito ku oomycetes.Izi zimachepetsa njira zoyendetsera mankhwala.
Ma fungicides omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri a oomycete pochiza zowola za pinki ndi mefenfloxacin (monga Ridomil Gold kuchokera ku Syngenta, Ultra Flourish kuchokera ku Nuffam) ndi metalaxyl (monga MetaStar kuchokera ku LG Life Sciences).Metalaxyl imadziwikanso kuti metalaxyl-M, yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi metalaxyl.
Chizindikiro cha phosphoric acid chimatanthawuza nthawi ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito.Ku Pacific Kumpoto chakumadzulo, timalimbikitsa masamba atatu kapena anayi, kuyambira kukula kwa tuber ndi kukula kwa ngodya.
Phosphoric acid itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala pambuyo pokolola machubu akalowa m'nkhokwe.Ma fungicides ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa zowola za pinki ndi fentrazone (mwachitsanzo, Ranman waku Summit Agro), oxatipyrine (mwachitsanzo, Orondis waku Syngenta), ndi flufentrazone (mwachitsanzo, Valent USA Presidio).
Werengani mosamala zamalonda ndipo funsani akatswiri amdera lanu zamitengo yabwino kwambiri komanso ndandanda mdera lanu.
Tsoka ilo, ma Rhodopseudomonas ena amalimbana ndi metalaxyl.Kukana mankhwala kwatsimikiziridwa m'madera omwe amalima mbatata ku United States ndi Canada.Izi zikutanthauza kuti alimi ena angafunike kuganizira njira zina zochepetsera zowola za pinki, monga kugwiritsa ntchito phosphoric acid.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati pafamu yanu pali zowola zosamva metalaxyl?Tulutsani zitsanzo za tuber ku labotale yoyezetsa matenda a mmera ndipo muwafunse kuti ayese sensitivity ya metalaxyl-tuber iyenera kuwonetsa zizindikiro zowola za pinki.
Madera ena afufuzidwa kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa zowola za pinki zosamva mankhwala.Tidzachita kafukufuku chaka chino ku Washington, Oregon ndi Idaho.
Timapempha alimi ku Pacific Northwest kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za zowola za pinki pamene akukolola kapena kuyang'ana kusungirako, ndipo ngati atapezeka, titumizireni kwa ife.Ntchitoyi ndi yaulere, chifukwa mtengo wa mayesowo umaperekedwa kuchokera ku Northwest Potato Research Association.
Carrie Huffman Wohleb ndi pulofesa wothandizana naye/katswiri wakudera pa mbatata, masamba ndi mbewu zambewu ku Washington State University.Onani nkhani zonse za olemba apa.