Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inogona kubatsira varimi kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwezvokudya, kuderedza kurasikirwa kukuru kwezvirimwa, uye kunyange kudzivirira kupararira kwezvirwere zvinoparadzirwa nezvipembenene, asi sezvo makemikoro aya achigonawo kupedzisira apinda muzvokudya zvevanhu, zvichiita kuti kuchengeteka kwawo kuve kwakakosha.Kune mushonga unowanzo shandiswa unonzi glyphosate, vanhu vari kunetsekana nezvekuchengetedzeka kwakaita chikafu uye kuchengetedzeka kwechimwe chezvazvinogadzirwa chinonzi AMPA.Vatsvagiri veNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) vari kugadzira zvekushandisa kusimudzira kuyerwa kwakaringana kweglyphosate uye AMPA iyo inowanzo kuwanikwa mune oat chikafu.googletag.cmd.push(basa(){googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′);});
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inogadza kushivirira kwemazinga emishonga yezvipembenene muzvokudya izvo zvichiri kunzi zvakachengeteka kudya.Vagadziri vechikafu vanoedza zvigadzirwa zvavo kuti vaone kuti vanotevedzera EPA mirau.Nekudaro, kuti vaone kuti zviyero zvavo ndezvechokwadi, vanofanirwa kushandisa chinongedzo chinhu (RM) ine inozivikanwa glyphosate yemukati kuenzanisa nezvigadzirwa zvavo.
Mune oatmeal kana oatmeal-based zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa yakawanda yemishonga yezvipembenene, hapana inonongedza zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kuyera glyphosate (iyo inoshanda ingredient mune inotengeswa chigadzirwa Roundup).Nekudaro, chidimbu chidiki chekudya-chakavakirwa RM chinogona kushandiswa kuyera mamwe mishonga yezvipembenene.Kugadzira glyphosate uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nevagadziri, vaongorori veNIST vakagadzirisa nzira yekuyedza yekuongorora glyphosate mumasample gumi nematatu echikafu anowanikwa mune zvekutengesa kuti vaone zvinhu zvinongedzo zvevamiriri.Vakaona glyphosate mumasampuli ese, uye AMPA (ipfupi yeamino methyl phosphonic acid) yakawanikwa mumatatu awo.
Kwemakumi emakore, glyphosate yanga iri imwe yemishonga yakakosha yezvipembenene muUnited States nepasirese.Maererano nekuongorora kwe2016, muna 2014 chete, 125,384 metric toni yeglyphosate yakashandiswa muUnited States.Mushonga wesora, mushonga wezvipembenene, unoshandiswa kuparadza sora kana zvirimwa zvinokuvadza zvinokuvadza zvirimwa.
Dzimwe nguva, huwandu hwezvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene mukudya hushoma kwazvo.Nezve glyphosate, inogona zvakare kuputswa kuita AMPA, uye inogona zvakare kuramba iri pamichero, miriwo uye zviyo.Iyo inogona kuitika ye AMPA pahutano hwevanhu hainyatso kunzwisiswa uye ichiri inzvimbo inoshanda yekutsvagisa.Glyphosate inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mune zvimwe zviyo uye zviyo, zvakadai sebhari uye gorosi, asi oats inyaya inokosha.
Muongorori weNIST, Jacolin Murray akati: "Oats akasiyana sezviyo."“Takasarudza oats sechinhu chekutanga nekuti vanogadzira chikafu vanoshandisa glyphosate se desiccant kuomesa zvirimwa zvisati zvakohwa.Oats kazhinji ine glyphosate yakawanda.Phosphine."Kuomesa zvirimwa kunogona kuita kuti kukohwa kurumidze uye kunonatsiridza kufanana kwechirimwa.Maererano nemunyori pamwe chete naJustine Cruz (Justine Cruz), nekuda kwehuwandu hwekushandiswa kweglyphosate, glyphosate inowanzowanikwa yakakwirira mumatanho kupfuura mamwe mishonga yezvipembenene.
Iwo gumi nematatu oatmeal samples muchidzidzo aisanganisira oatmeal, diki kusvika yakanyanya kugadziridzwa oatmeal zviyo zvemangwanani, uye hupfu hweoat kubva kune zvakajairwa uye organic nzira dzekurima.
Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa nzira yakavandudzwa yekutora glyphosate kubva muzvokudya zvakasimba, zvakasanganiswa nemaitiro akajairwa anonzi liquid chromatography uye mass spectrometry, kuongorora glyphosate uye AMPA mumasampuli.Munzira yekutanga, sampuli yakasimba inonyungudutswa mumusanganiswa wemvura uye ipapo glyphosate inobviswa kubva muchikafu.Tevere, mune yemvura chromatography, iyo glyphosate uye AMPA mune yekubvisa sampu inoparadzaniswa kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu mumuenzaniso.Chekupedzisira, iyo mass spectrometer inoyera huwandu-ku-chaji reshiyo yemaion kuti ione makomisheni akasiyana mumuenzaniso.
Mhedzisiro yavo yakaratidza kuti organic breakfast cereal samples (26 ng pagiremu) uye organic oat hupfu masamples (11 ng pagiremu) aive nemazinga akaderera eglyphosate.Iyo yepamusoro-soro yeglyphosate (1,100 ng pagiramu) yakaonekwa mumuenzaniso wezvakajairwa pakarepo oatmeal.Iyo AMPA yemukati mune organic uye yakajairwa oatmeal uye oat-based samples yakadzikira zvakanyanya pane iyo glyphosate yemukati.
Zviri mukati mezvose glyphosate uye AMPA mu oatmeal uye oat-based cereals zviri pasi peEPA kushivirira kwe30 μg/g.Murray akati: "Chiyero chepamusoro cheglyphosate chatakayera chakaderera zvakapetwa makumi matatu pane inotarwa."
Zvichienderana nemigumisiro yechidzidzo ichi uye nhaurirano dzekutanga nevatambi vanofarira kushandisa RM ye oatmeal uye oat grains, vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti kukudziridza mazinga akaderera eRM (50 ng per gram) uye mazinga epamusoro eRM anogona kubatsira.Imwe (500 nanograms pagiramu).Aya maRM anobatsira mukurima uye chikafu chekuyedza marabhoritari uye vagadziri vezvikafu vanofanirwa kuyedza masara emishonga yezvipembenene muzvigadzirwa zvavo uye vanoda mwero chaiwo wekufananidza nawo.
NIST's RM inoshandiswa kwete muUnited States chete, asiwo pasi rose.Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuti vatsvakurudzi vafunge nezvekurambidzwa kwemitemo yekunze.Semuenzaniso, muEurope, muganhu ndeye 20 micrograms pagiramu.
NIST muongorori Katrice Lippa akati: "Vaongorori vedu vanofanirwa kuenzanisa zvinodiwa mumarabhoritari ekuongorora chikafu muUnited States nemamwe matunhu kuitira kuti zvinhu zvinongedzo zvive nemhedzisiro yepasirese."
Vatsvagiri vakakwanisa kuona vatatu vangangove vangangove RM vakwikwidzi glyphosate uye vaviri vakwikwidzi veAMPA mune oat-based zviyo.Vakakwanisawo kuita zvidzidzo zvekutanga kugadzikana, uye mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti glyphosate yakagadzikana muoats patembiricha isingaperi ye40 degrees Celsius kwemwedzi mitanhatu, izvo zvakakosha pakuvandudza kweramangwana RMs, inogona kunge yakavakirwa pane imwe kana kupfuura. zvechigadzirwa ichi.
Tevere, vaongorori vanoronga kuongorora kugona kweRM kuburikidza nezvidzidzo zvemurabhoritari, uye vozoita zvidzidzo zvekugadzikana kwenguva refu paglyphosate uye AMPA mune zvavo zvinhu.Chikwata cheNIST chicharamba chichishanda nevatori vechikamu kuona kuti RM inokwanisa kuita zvavanoda.
Iwe unogona kuzorora uine chokwadi chekuti vashandi vedu vekunyora vanonyatso tarisisa mhinduro dzese dzinotumirwa uye vachatora danho rakakodzera.Maonero ako akakosha zvikuru kwatiri.
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