Amayeza okubulala izinambuzane anokunceda amafama ukuba akhulise imveliso yokutya, anciphise ilahleko eninzi yezityalo, ade athintele ukusasazeka kwezifo ezisasazwa zizinambuzane, kodwa ekubeni le michiza inokuthi ekugqibeleni ingene ekutyeni kwabantu, iqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko lwazo lubalulekile.Kwisibulali-zinambuzane esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-glyphosate, abantu banexhala lokuba kukhuseleke kangakanani ukutya kunye nokhuseleko lwenye yeemveliso zayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-AMPA.Abaphandi kwiZiko leSizwe leMigangatho kunye neThekhnoloji (NIST) baphuhlisa izinto zokubhekisela ukuqhubela phambili umlinganiselo ochanekileyo we-glyphosate kunye ne-AMPA efumaneka rhoqo kwi-oat foods.googletag.cmd.push(umsebenzi(){googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′);});
I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo (EPA) ibeka ukunyamezela amanqanaba okubulala izitshabalalisi ekutyeni okusagqalwa njengekhuselekile ukutyiwa.Abavelisi bokutya bavavanya iimveliso zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayayithobela imithetho ye-EPA.Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yabo ichanekile, kufuneka basebenzise i-reference substance (RM) enomxholo owaziwayo we-glyphosate ukuthelekisa kunye neemveliso zabo.
Kwiimveliso ze-oatmeal okanye i-oatmeal-based based based baseds ezisebenzisa i-pesticides ezininzi, akukho zixhobo zokubhekisela ezingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-glyphosate (isithako esisebenzayo kwimveliso yorhwebo Roundup).Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci le-RM esekelwe kukutya lingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ezinye izitshabalalisi.Ukuphuhlisa i-glyphosate kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhawulezayo zabavelisi, abaphandi be-NIST baphucula indlela yokuvavanya ukuhlalutya i-glyphosate kwi-13 yeesampulu zokutya ezifumaneka ngokurhweba kwi-oat-based based food ukuchonga izinto zokubhekisela kumviwa.Bafumene i-glyphosate kuzo zonke iisampuli, kwaye i-AMPA (ifutshane kwi-amino methyl phosphonic acid) ifunyenwe kwisithathu kubo.
Kwiminyaka emininzi, i-glyphosate iye yaba yenye yezona zinambuzane zibalulekileyo e-United States nakwihlabathi.Ngokutsho kophando lwe-2016, kwi-2014 yodwa, iitoni ze-125,384 ze-glyphosate zisetyenziswe e-United States.Sisibulali zinambuzane, sisibulali zinambuzane, esisetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ukhula okanye izityalo eziyingozi eziyingozi kwizityalo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, inani leentsalela zezitshabalalisi ekutyeni lincinci kakhulu.Ngokubhekiselele kwi-glyphosate, inokuthi iphulwe ibe yi-AMPA, kwaye inokuhlala kwiziqhamo, imifuno kunye neengqolowa.Impembelelo enokubakho ye-AMPA kwimpilo yabantu ayiqondwa kakuhle kwaye iseyindawo esebenzayo yophando.I-Glyphosate iphinda isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwezinye iinkozo kunye neengqolowa, ezifana nebhali kunye nengqolowa, kodwa i-oats yimeko ekhethekileyo.
Umphandi we-NIST uJacolin Murray uthe: “I-oats yahlukile njengeenkozo.”"Sakhetha i-oats njengento yokuqala kuba abavelisi bokutya basebenzisa i-glyphosate njenge-desiccant ukomisa izityalo ngaphambi kokuvuna.I-oats ihlala iqulethe i-glyphosate eninzi.iPhosphine.”Ukomisa izityalo kunokwenza ukuvunwa kwangethuba kwaye kuphucule ukufana kwezityalo.Ngokutsho kombhali-mbhali uJustine Cruz (uJustine Cruz), ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwe-glyphosate, i-glyphosate idla ngokufumaneka kumanqanaba aphezulu kunezinye izibulala-zinambuzane.
Iisampulu ze-oatmeal ezili-13 kuphononongo ziquka i-oatmeal, encinci ukuya kwi-oatmeal yesidlo sakusasa esenziwe kakhulu, kunye nomgubo we-oat ophuma kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokulima eziphilayo.
Abaphandi basebenzise indlela ephuculweyo yokukhupha i-glyphosate kukutya okuqinileyo, kudityaniswe neendlela eziqhelekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-liquid chromatography kunye ne-mass spectrometry, ukuhlalutya i-glyphosate kunye ne-AMPA kwiisampuli.Kwindlela yokuqala, isampuli eqinile iyachithwa kumxube we-liquid kwaye i-glyphosate isuswe ekudleni.Okulandelayo, kwi-chromatography yolwelo, i-glyphosate kunye ne-AMPA kwisampulu esicatshulwayo zihlukaniswe kwamanye amacandelo kwisampuli.Okokugqibela, i-mass spectrometer ilinganisa ubungakanani bokutshaja kwe-ion ukuchonga iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo kwisampulu.
Iziphumo zabo zibonise ukuba iisampulu ze-cereal zesidlo sakusasa (26 ng ngegram) kunye neesampulu zomgubo we-oat eziphilayo (11 ng ngegram) zinezinga eliphantsi le-glyphosate.Inqanaba eliphezulu le-glyphosate (i-1,100 ng ngegram) lifunyenwe kwisampuli ye-oatmeal yesiqhelo.Umxholo we-AMPA kwi-oatmeal ephilayo kunye ne-oatmeal eqhelekileyo kunye neesampuli ezisekelwe kwi-oat ziphantsi kakhulu kumxholo we-glyphosate.
Imixholo yazo zonke i-glyphosate kunye ne-AMPA kwi-oatmeal kunye ne-oat-based cereals iphantsi kakhulu kwe-EPA yokunyamezela kwe-30 μg / g.UMurray uthe: "Elona nqanaba liphezulu le-glyphosate esililinganiseyo lalingaphantsi kwamaxesha angama-30 kunomda wolawulo."
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu pho nonongo kunye neengxoxo zokuqala kunye nabachaphazelekayo abanomdla ekusebenziseni i-RM ye-oatmeal kunye ne-oat grains, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ukuphuhlisa amanqanaba aphantsi e-RM (50 ng ngegram) kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-RM anokuba luncedo.Enye (500 nanograms ngegram).Ezi RM ziluncedo kwiilabhoratri zovavanyo lwezolimo kunye nokutya kunye nabavelisi bokutya abafuna ukuvavanya iintsalela zezitshabalalisi kwimathiriyeli yabo ekrwada kwaye bafuna umgangatho ochanekileyo wokuthelekisa nabo.
I-RM ye-NIST ayisetyenziswa kuphela e-United States, kodwa nakwihlabathi jikelele.Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba abaphandi baqwalasele izithintelo zolawulo lwangaphandle.Ngokomzekelo, eYurophu, umda ngama-micrograms angama-20 ngegram.
Umphandi we-NIST uKatrice Lippa uthe: "Abaphandi bethu kufuneka balungelelanise iimfuno zeelebhu zovavanyo lokutya e-United States nakweminye imimandla ukuze benze izinto zokubhekisa zibe nefuthe kwihlabathi."
Abaphandi baye bakwazi ukuchonga abathathu abanokuba ngabaviwa be-RM kwi-glyphosate kunye nabaviwa ababini be-AMPA kwi-oat-based grains.Baye bakwazi ukuqhuba izifundo zokuzinza kwangaphambili, kwaye iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-glyphosate izinzile kwi-oats kwiqondo lokushisa elingaguqukiyo lama-degrees Celsius angama-40 kwiinyanga ezintandathu, okubalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwee-RM ezizayo, ezinokuthi zisekelwe kwenye okanye ngaphezulu. kwezi mveliso.
Okulandelayo, abaphandi baceba ukuvavanya ukuba nokwenzeka kwe-RM ngokusebenzisa izifundo ze-laboratory zangaphakathi, kwaye emva koko baqhube izifundo zozinzo lwexesha elide kwi-glyphosate kunye ne-AMPA kwizinto zabo.Iqela le-NIST liza kuqhubeka lisebenzisana nabachaphazelekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iRM inakho ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo.
Unokuqiniseka ukuba abahleli bethu baya kubeka iliso elibukhali yonke ingxelo ethunyelweyo kwaye baya kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo.Uluvo lwakho lubaluleke kakhulu kuthi.
Idilesi yakho ye-imeyile isetyenziselwa kuphela ukwazisa umamkeli ukuba ngubani othumele i-imeyile.Idilesi yakho okanye idilesi yomamkeli ayisayi kusetyenziselwa nayiphi na enye injongo.Ulwazi olufakileyo luya kuvela kwi-imeyile yakho, kodwa iPhys.org ayizukugcina nangaluphi na uhlobo.
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